Lower limb

Question 1

contents of adductor canal

Answer 1

saphenous nerve

superficial femoral artery

superficial femoral vein

Question 2

nerve supply to sartorius ?

Answer 2

femoral nerve

Question 3

actions of sartorius?

Answer 3

flexes the knee and hip

assists in medial rotation of the tibia on the femur (e.g. placing right heel onto the knee)

Question 4

which compartment is sartorius in ?

Answer 4

superficial anterior compartment of the thigh

Question 5

muscles responsible for inversion of the foot?

Answer 5

tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior

Question 6

Examination reveals a ‘claw hand’ deformity of the patient’s right hand, and an X-ray confirms a fracture of the medial epicondyle.

What are the roots of the most likely affected nerve?

Answer 6

C8, T1 - ulnar nerve

deformity due to the paralysis of intrinsic hand muscles. This condition is frequently associated with fractures of the medial epicondyle, which can result in ulnar nerve injury.

Question 7

roots of the ulnar nerve

Answer 7

C8-T1

Question 8

L5 lesion features

Answer 8

loss of foot dorsiflexion + sensory loss dorsum of the foot

Question 9

S1 nerve root compression

Answer 9

Sensory loss posterolateral aspect of leg and lateral aspect of foot
Weakness in plantar flexion of foot

reduced ankle reflex

Question 10

green vertical muscle- close to spine

Answer 10

psoas major

Question 11

green muscle - in the iliac fossa

Answer 11

iliacus

Question 12

yellow

Answer 12

rectus femoris

Question 13

red

Answer 13

vastus medialis

Question 14

blue

Answer 14

vastus lateralis

Question 15

purple

Answer 15

sartorius

Question 16

orange

Answer 16

pectineus

Question 17

1

Answer 17

iliacus

Question 18

2

Answer 18

tensor fascia latae

Question 19

3

Answer 19

rectus femoris

Question 20

4

Answer 20

vastus lateralis

Question 21

6

Answer 21

femoral nerve

Question 22

5

Answer 22

psoas major

Question 23

8

Answer 23

vastus medialis

Question 24

7

Answer 24

sartorius

Question 25

blue

Answer 25

semitendinosus

Question 26

yellow

Answer 26

semimembranosus

Question 27

red

Answer 27

biceps femoris - long head

Question 28

purple

Answer 28

biceps femoris - short head

Question 29

1

Answer 29

semitendinosus

Question 30

2

Answer 30

semimembranosus

Question 31

3

Answer 31

biceps femoris

Question 32

4

Answer 32

sciatic nerve

Question 33

purple

Answer 33

obturator externus

Question 34

green

Answer 34

adductor brevis

Question 35

yellow

Answer 35

adductor longus

Question 36

red

Answer 36

adductor magnus

Question 37

1

Answer 37

obturator nerve

Question 38

2

Answer 38

adductor longus - divided

Question 39

3

Answer 39

adductor brevis

Question 40

4

Answer 40

adductor magnus

Question 41

5

Answer 41

gracilis

Question 42

GREEN

Answer 42

TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

Question 43

RED

Answer 43

extensor digitorum longus

Question 44

PURPLE

Answer 44

extensor hallucis longus

Question 45

1

Answer 45

fibularis longus and brevis

Question 46

2

Answer 46

superficial fibular nerve

Question 47

3

Answer 47

extensor digitorum longus

Question 48

4

Answer 48

tibialis anterior

Question 49

5

Answer 49

extensor hallucis longus

Question 50

blue

Answer 50

fibularis longus

Question 51

yellow

Answer 51

fibularis brevis

Question 52

red/

Answer 52

extensor digitorum longus

Question 53

purple

Answer 53

extensor hallucis longus

Question 54

green

Answer 54

tibialis anterior

Question 55

foot drop is a consequence of damage to what nerve?

Answer 55

common fibular nerve (from which the deep fibular nerve arises) common or deep fibular nerve palsy

Question 56

1

Answer 56

the head of the gastrocnemius

Question 57

2

Answer 57

calcaneal tendon

Question 58

3

Answer 58

plantaris

Question 59

4

Answer 59

soleus

Question 60

How is the calcaneal tendon most commonly ruptured?

Answer 60

excessive plantarflexion will be unable to plantarflex foot against resistance , and the foot will be permanently dorsiflexed lump in calf region - soleus and gastrocnemius contracting

Question 61

1

Answer 61

tibial nerve

Question 62

2

Answer 62

medial head of gastrocnemius

Question 63

3

Answer 63

sural nerve

Question 64

4

Answer 64

plantaris

Question 65

5

Answer 65

lateral head of gastrocnemius

Question 66

6

Answer 66

short saphenous vein

Question 67

orange

Answer 67

popliteus

Question 68

red

Answer 68

tibialis posterior

Question 69

green

Answer 69

flexor digitorum longus

Question 70

blue

Answer 70

flexor hallucis longus

Question 71

red

Answer 71

tibialis posterior

Question 72

green

Answer 72

flexor digitorum longus

Question 73

blue

Answer 73

flexor hallucis longus

Question 74

yellow

Answer 74

calcaneal tendon

Question 75

In which direction does the femur move (relative to the tibia) to unlock the knee? Anteriorly

Answer 75

The popliteus laterally rotates the femur on the tibia – ‘unlocking’ the knee joint so that flexion can occur.

Question 76

blue

Answer 76

fibularis longus The tendon of the fibularis longus crosses under the foot and attaches to the bones on the medial aspect of the foot

Question 77

yellow

Answer 77

fibularis brevis

Question 78

Which nerve innervates the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 78

The superficial fibular nerve innervates the fibularis longus and brevis in the lateral compartment of the leg.

Question 79

Turning sole of the foot outwards

Answer 79

eversion

Question 80

red

Answer 80

extensor digitorum brevis

Question 81

yellow

Answer 81

extensor hallucis brevis

Question 82

red

Answer 82

flexor digitorum brevis

Question 83

green

Answer 83

plantar aponeurosis - cut

Question 84

yellow

Answer 84

abductor hallucis

Question 85

blue

Answer 85

abductor digit minimi

Question 86

blue

Answer 86

quadratus plantae

Question 87

yellow

Answer 87

tendons of the flexor digitorum longus

Question 88

red

Answer 88

lumbricals

Question 89

1

Answer 89

flexor hallucis brevis

Question 90

3

Answer 90

flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 91

2

Answer 91

adductor hallucis - oblique head

Question 92

4

Answer 92

adductor hallucis - transverse head

Question 93

GREEN

Answer 93

dorsal interossei

Question 94

YELLOW

Answer 94

plantar interossei

Question 95

Which nerve supplies motor innervation to extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis of the foot?

Answer 95

deep fibular

Question 96

action of the lumbricals of the foot?

Answer 96

Flexion of the metatarsophalangeal extension of the interphalangeal joints

Question 97

1

Answer 97

body of talus

Question 98

2

Answer 98

calcaneus

Question 99

3

Answer 99

navicular

Question 100

4

Answer 100

cuboid

Question 101

5

Answer 101

medial, intermediate and lateral cuneiform

Question 102

6

Answer 102

metatarsalsv1-5

Question 103

what joint does inversion and eversion occur at?

Answer 103

talonavicular joint - synovial ball and socket talocalcaneal - synovial plane

Question 104

x

Answer 104

plantar fascia supports the arches acts as spring when pushing off

Question 105

what is a mortise joint?

Answer 105

between the tibia and superior talus (synvoial hinge)

Question 106

what joint does inversion and eversion occur at?

Answer 106

1talonavicular joint - synovial ball and socket 2talocalcaneal - synovial plane

Question 107

1

Answer 107

talus

Question 108

2

Answer 108

calcaneus

Question 109

3

Answer 109

cuboid

Question 110

Answer 110

navicular bone

Question 111

1

Answer 111

navicular

Question 112

2

Answer 112

cuboid

Question 113

3

Answer 113

calcaneus

Question 114

4

Answer 114

Achilles tendon

Question 115

c

Answer 115

anterior talofibular ligament resists overinversion

Question 116

1

Answer 116

talus

Question 117

2

Answer 117

calcaneus

Question 118

3

Answer 118

cuboid

Question 119

4

Answer 119

5th metatarsal

Question 120

1

Answer 120

1st metatarsal

Question 121

2

Answer 121

medial cuneiform

Question 122

3

Answer 122

navicular

Question 123

4

Answer 123

talus

Question 124

5

Answer 124

calcaneus

Question 125

1

Answer 125

spring ligament - planter calcanevaciular ligment

Question 126

3

Answer 126

short planter ligament

Question 127

2

Answer 127

long planter ligament

Question 128

4

Answer 128

planter fascia

Question 129

1

Answer 129

abductor hallicus

Question 130

2

Answer 130

abductor digiti minimi

Question 131

3

Answer 131

flexor digitorum brevis

Question 132

1

Answer 132

flexor hallucis longus

Question 133

2

Answer 133

flexor digitorum assessoris

Question 134

3

Answer 134

flexor digitorum longus tendon

Question 135

5

Answer 135

lateral planter nerve and artery

Question 136

4

Answer 136

medial planter nerve and artery

Question 137

function of the first layer of the foot

Answer 137

flexes the toes - 1st part of gait cycle

Question 138

terminal branches of tibial nerve

Answer 138

1. medial planter 2. lateral planter found in layer 2

Question 139

termina branches of posterior tibial artery which supplys the intrinsic foot muscles

Answer 139

medial planter artery lateral planter artery in layer 2

Question 140

action of planter interossei

Answer 140

adduct digits found in layer four

Question 141

action of dorsal interossei

Answer 141

abducts digits layer 4

Question 142

1

Answer 142

flexor digitorum brevis

Question 143

2

Answer 143

abductor digit Minmi

Question 144

3

Answer 144

abductor hallucis

Question 145

layer 2 label

Answer 145

1, flexor hallicus longus 2. flexor digitorum longus 3. flexor digitorum acessorius 4. medial planter nerve 5. lateral planter nerve