lymphatic system Flashcards

(16 cards)

1
Q

what are the functions of the lymphatic system (3)

A
  1. fluid balance
  2. fat absorption
  3. immunological defense
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2
Q

what are the major organs involved in the lymphatic system?

A
  • spleen
  • thymus gland
  • lymphatic vessels
  • lymph nodes
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3
Q

what is the lymphatic system ?

A
  • system of vessels that works closely w circulatory system
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4
Q

what is lymph

A
  • clear watery liquid formed from interstitial fluid
  • blood lfows through blood vessels –> fluid leaks out into surrounding tissues –> 90% diffuses back into capillaries 10%enters lymphatic vessels –> when interstitial fluid enters lymph vessel, its renamed lymph
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5
Q

what are lymph capillaries

A
  • ‘dead ends’ to lymph vessels
  • lined w overlapping epithelial cells that allow fluid to enter
  • capillaries open into large lymph vessels
  • valves in vessels prevent backwards flow of fluid
  • doesnt pump like blood: surrounding skeletal muscles provide pressure, pushes fluid along
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6
Q

whats a lymph node

A
  • small bean shaped structure that filters substances that travel through lymphatic fluid
  • lymph vessels carry lymph to lymph nodes
  • surrounded by capsule of connective tissue and formed by trebeculae (reticular fibers)
  • inside, germinal centers are areas of rapid mitosis immune cells (lymphocytes) are quickly produced to fight off invaders in lymph
  • cluster in areas like groin, axilary and are AREAS OF CAUTIO NFOR MASSAGE)
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7
Q

where does lymph go after lymph nodes

A
  • returned through 2 large ducts in chest: right lymphatic duct, thoracic duct
  • ducts merge w veins where fluid reenter cardiovascular system
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8
Q

what do other lymphoid organs do

A
  • spleen and thymus
  • protect body from infection but dont filter lymph
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9
Q

what are lymph nodules

A
  • loosly associated tissues not surrounded by capusule
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10
Q

were is the spleen

A
  • upper left part of abdomen
  • spleen has 2 types of tissue:
  • white pulp: lymphatic tissue and lymphatic nodules for filtering blood
  • red pulp: removes wornout RBCs and serves as reservoir for stored blood
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11
Q

where is thymus gland found

A
  • part of endocrine and lymphatic system
  • after t-lymphocytes are formed in bone marrow they travel to thymus for thymic education whre they learn to recognize specific foreign invaders (ARMY SCHOOL__LEARN TO FIGHT)
  • t-lymphocyte production is regulated by thymus through release of hormone thymosin
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12
Q

where are lymph nodules found

A
  • associated w mucous membranes bc foreign invders become traped there (MALTS– mucosa associated lymphoid tissues)
  • can be scttered within mucous membrane tissue or bundled together
    EX: appendix and tonsils
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13
Q

role of tonsils in lymphatic

A
  • accumulatio of lymphoid nodules on either side of throat
  • form protective ring around throat to protect body from foreign invaders entering in through nose or mouth
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14
Q

function of peyers patches and appendix in lymphatic system

A
  • groups of lymphocytes near small intestine that filter bacteria from food and prevent benefiial bacteria from intestines from causing infection in rest of body
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15
Q

lymphatic vessels

A
  • lymph enters through afferent vessels (A COMES FIRST) and leaves through efferent vessels (E IS EXIT)
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16
Q

what are cytokines

A
  • small proteins released by immunce cells
  • act as messengers to regulate bodys immune and inflammatory responses
  • help signal other immune cells to move to areas of infection, injury or inflammation