Module 2 Chapter 5 Lesson 4 - Active Transport

Question 1

What is active transport?

Answer 1

Movement of molecules and ions from lower to higher concentration using energy from respiration

Active transport is essential for various cellular processes.

Question 2

Active transport requires what type of proteins?

Answer 2

Carrier proteins

Each carrier protein is specific for a particular type of molecule or ion.

Question 3

How does active transport differ from facilitated diffusion?

Answer 3

Active transport requires energy

Facilitated diffusion does not require energy and also uses carrier proteins.

Question 4

What is the source of energy used in active transport?

Answer 4

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

ATP is produced during respiration and is hydrolyzed to release energy.

Question 5

What role does ATP play in active transport?

Answer 5

Provides energy to change the shape of carrier proteins

This shape change allows the transfer of molecules or ions across the cell membrane.

Question 6

List four important functions of active transport.

Answer 6

• Reabsorption of useful molecules and ions into the blood after kidney filtration
• Absorption of some digestion products from the digestive tract
• Loading of sugar from photosynthesizing cells into phloem tissue
• Loading of inorganic ions from soil into root hairs

These functions are crucial for maintaining homeostasis and nutrient transport in organisms.

Question 7

How does active transport move substances?

Answer 7

Substances are moved against their concentration gradient.

Question 8

How is energy supplied for active transport?

Answer 8

ATP produced by respiration.

Question 9

How does ATP release energy?

Answer 9

ATP is hydrolysed into ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Question 10

How does an active transport protein work step by step?

Answer 10

The substance binds to the carrier protein

Question 11

Why are carrier proteins essential?

Answer 11

Ions and polar molecules cannot cross the phospholipid bilayer directly.

Question 12

How is specificity achieved in active transport?

Answer 12

Each carrier protein has a specific binding site.

Question 13

How does active transport maintain concentration gradients?

Answer 13

It continuously pumps substances in or out of cells.

Question 14

How does active transport occur in root hair cells?

Answer 14

Mineral ions are absorbed from dilute soil solutions.

Question 15

How does active transport occur in the ileum?

Answer 15

Glucose is absorbed into epithelial cells.

Question 16

Why is active transport vital to organisms?

Answer 16

It allows uptake even when external concentrations are low.