Mpox

Question 1

Mpox, previously known as ____________ , is a _______ illness caused by the _______ virus, a species of the genus _______.

Answer 1

monkeypox,

viral

monkeypox virus,

Orthopoxvirus

Question 2

There are _______ distinct clades of the virus:

List them and what’s in them

Answer 2

two

clade I (with subclades Ia and Ib)

clade II (with subclades IIa and IIb)

Question 3

In ____–_____ a global outbreak of mpox was caused by the ________ strain.

Answer 3

2022-2023

clade IIb

Question 4

Mpox continues to be a threat today, and an upsurge of cases in the _______________ and other countries caused by clades ______ and _____ has raised concern.

Answer 4

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Ia and Ib

Question 5

There are vaccines for mpox.

T/F

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Common symptoms of mpox are a ________ or mucosal lesions which can last ________ accompanied by _______, headache, muscle aches, back pain, low energy and _________________.

Answer 6

skin rash

2–4 weeks

Fever

swollen lymph nodes

Question 7

Mpox can be transmitted through __________ with someone who has mpox, with contaminated _______ , or with infected __________ .

During pregnancy, the virus may be passed to the fetus, or to the newborn during or after birth.

Answer 7

close contact

materials

animals.

Question 8

Mpox is treated with ____________ for symptoms such as pain and fever, with close attention to nutrition, hydration, skin care, prevention of ___________ infections and treatment of co-infections, including HIV where present.

Answer 8

supportive care

secondary

Question 9

Mpox is a zoonotic disease

Answer 9

Meaning??

Question 10

Mpox is an infectious disease that can cause a pain______ rash, ________ lymph nodes, fever, headache, muscle ache, back pain and low energy.

Most people ________ er, but some ____________.

Answer 10

painful

enlarged

fully recover

get very sick.

Question 11

Mpox is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV).

It is an (naked or enveloped?) (Single or double?) -stranded (DNA or RNA?) virus of the Orthopoxvirus genus in
the ___________ family, which includes variola, _______, _______ and other viruses.

Answer 11

enveloped ; double

DNA

Poxviridae

cowpox ; vaccinia

Question 12

A global outbreak of clade _____ began in 2022 and continues to this day, including in some African countries.

Answer 12

IIb

Question 13

The natural reservoir of the virus is __________, but various small mammals such as ________ and _________ are susceptible.

Answer 13

unknown

squirrels ; monkeys

Question 14

Why don’t we call it monkeypox
anymore?
The World Health Organization (WHO) changed the name to mpox in _____________. This aligns it with the WHO’s current recommendations for naming diseases in a way that avoids stigmas. The virus that causes mpox is still called monkeypox virus.

Answer 14

November 2022

Question 15

What’s the difference?

Mpox vs. chickenpox

Although they both cause ___________, different viruses cause mpox and chickenpox.

Mpox is an _________virus, while chickenpox is a _________ virus.

Both viruses can spread through _________ or prolonged face-to-face contact, but _________ pox is very contagious and spreads more easily than _________pox.

People with _______pox are more likely to have swollen lymph nodes than people with _________pox.

The rashes act differently, too. While the chickenpox rash can appear in _________, mpox sores develop at _________.

Chickenpox symptoms — including the rash — tend to get better within _________, while it takes ______________ for mpox to resolve.

Answer 15

skin rashes

orthopoxvirus ; herpes virus.

skin-to-skin

chickenpox ; mpox.

mpox ; chickenpox.

waves, ; the same time.

two weeks ; two to four weeks

Question 16

Mpox vs. smallpox

Smallpox and mpox are both part of the _____________ genus, so they’re caused by similar but distinct viruses. Thanks to effective vaccines, _______pox was eradicated (is no longer a circulating disease) by _______.

________pox was very contagious and spread more easily than _______pox.

Mpox symptoms are similar to smallpox, but _________

Answer 16

Orthopoxvirus ; smallpox ;1980.

Smallpox ; mpox.

milder

Question 17

Transmission of MPOX

Mpox spreads from person to person mainly through ___________ with someone who has mpox, including members of a household.

Close contact includes skin-to-skin (such as ________ or ________) and mouth-to-mouth or mouth- to-skin contact (such as ________), and it can also include being face-to-face with someone who has mpox (such as ________ or ________ close to one another, which can generate infectious respiratory particles).

People can also contract mpox from contaminated ________ such as clothing or linen, through ________ injuries in health care, or in community settings such as _________ parlours.

During pregnancy or birth, the virus may be passed to the baby. Contracting mpox during pregnancy can be dangerous for the fetus or newborn infant and can lead to _______ of the pregnancy, ________, death of the newborn, or complications for the parent.

Answer 17

close contact

touching ; sex

kissing ; talking ; breathing

objects ; needle injuries ; tattoo parlours.

loss ; stillbirth

Question 18

People with multiple sexual partners are at higher risk of acquiring mpox.

T/F

Answer 18

T

Question 19

TRANSMISSION OF MPOX

Animal-to-human transmission of mpox occurs from infected animals to humans from _______ or _______, or during activities such as hunting, skinning, trapping, cooking, playing with _________ or _________ animals.

Answer 19

bites ; scratches

carcasses ; eating.

Question 20

The animal reservoir of the monkeypox virus ???

Answer 20

remains unknown

Question 21

Types of mpox
There are two known subtypes of mpox:

Clade I. Clade I is endemic to _________. It tends to cause (more or less?) serious illness than clade II. Recent outbreaks of clade I have been (more or less?? deadly.

Clade II. Clade II is endemic to _________. There’s been a global outbreak of clade II mpox since 2022. It’s (more or less?) likely to be fatal than clade I.

Answer 21

Central Africa.

more ; less

East Africa. ; less

Question 22

Signs and symptoms
Mpox causes signs and symptoms which usually begin within ________ but can start _______ days after exposure.

Symptoms typically last _________ but may last longer in someone with a _________________.

Answer 22

a week

1–21

2–4 weeks

weakened immune system

Question 23

Signs and symptoms

For some people, the first symptom of mpox is a ________, while others may have _______, _________ or _________ first.

The mpox rash often begins on the _________ and spreads over the body, extending to the _________ of the _________ and _________ of the _________. It can also start on other parts of the body where contact was made, such as the _________.

It starts as a _________ sore, which develops into a _________ filled with _________ that may be _________ or _________. As the rash heals, the lesions dry up, crust over and fall off.

Answer 23

rash; fever

muscle aches ; sore throat

face ; palms of the hands

soles of the feet.

genitals.

flat ; blister

liquid ; itchy ; painful.

Question 24

Signs and symptoms of MPOX

Some people also have painful swelling of their __________ (proctitis) or pain and difficulty when peeing (_______) or when ____________.

People with mpox can pass the disease on to others until _________________ and a _________________ has formed.

Some people can be infected without developing any symptoms.
Although getting mpox from someone who is asymptomatic (not showing symptoms) has been reported, information is still limited on how common it is.

Answer 24

rectum

dysuria

swallowing.

all sores have healed

new layer of skin

Question 25

Some people with mpox become very sick. For example, the skin can become infected with __________ , leading to __________ or serious skin damage. Other complications include pneumonia; corneal infection with loss of vision; pain or difficulty swallowing; vomiting and diarrhoea causing dehydration or malnutrition; and infections of the blood (sepsis), brain (encephalitis), heart (myocarditis), rectum (proctitis), genital organs (balanitis) or urinary passages (urethritis).

Answer 25

bacteria abscesses

Question 26

Mpox can be fatal in some cases T/F

Answer 26

T

Question 27

What does the mpox rash look like? Mpox rash can go through several stages over two to four weeks: 1.It may start out as ______ , ______ bumps. These can be pain_____. 2.The bumps become _______. 3.The bumps turn into ________. 4.These fill with ________. 5.and then _________ and fall off

Answer 27

flat ; red ; painful. raised ; blisters. ; pus. crust over

Question 28

Diagnosis and Tests How is mpox diagnosed? To diagnose mpox, your healthcare provider will __________________________. They’ll send the samples to a lab for _________________________ testing. They may also do ______ tests. It’s important to let your provider know if you may have been exposed to mpox. Your provider might test you for other illness that cause a rash, like measles or chickenpox

Answer 28

swab two to three sores (lesions). polymerase chain reaction (PCR) blood

Question 29

Diagnosis of MPOX ______________ methods may not be useful as they do not distinguish between different orthopoxviruses. ______ testing should be offered to adults with mpox, and children as appropriate.

Answer 29

Antibody detection HIV

Question 30

What are the complications of mpox? Complications caused by mpox can include: ____________ infections, which can lead to ____________. Loss of ____________ or ________ damage from mpox ____________ infections. ____________ ____________ ____________. Respiratory distress (extreme difficulty breathing and getting oxygen to your body). Severe ____________.

Answer 30

Bacterial ; sepsis. vision ; eye ; ocular Myopericarditis Encephalitis ; Pneumonia. scarring.

Question 31

You might be more likely to get severely ill with mpox if you: Have a weakened immune system, especially if it’s caused by _______. Have a history of _________. Are _________. Babies younger than _________ are also at a higher risk for severe illness.

Answer 31

HIV. ; eczema ; pregnant. 1 year old

Question 32

What is the approved antiviral treatment for MPOX

Answer 32

There aren’t any approved antiviral treatments for mpox.

Question 33

Treatment and vaccination The goal of treating mpox is to take care of the _______ manage _______ and prevent ________. Early and supportive care is important to help manage symptoms and avoid further problems.

Answer 33

rash pain; complications

Question 34

Getting an mpox vaccine can help prevent infection (________________). The vaccine can also be administered after a person has been in contact with someone who has mpox (_________________).

Answer 34

pre-exposure prophylaxis post-exposure prophylaxis

Question 35

In post-exposure prophylaxis cases, the vaccine should be given less than _________ after contact with someone who has mpox. The vaccine can be given for up to _________ if the person has not developed symptoms.

Answer 35

4 days 14 days

Question 36

Mpox vaccines are currently only recommended for people ?????

Answer 36

who’ve been exposed to, or are likely to be exposed to, mpox.

Question 37

In the U.S., people ____ and older who have risk factors should receive _____ doses of the JYNNEOSTM vaccine ____ days apart.

Answer 37

18 two 28

Question 38

The MPOX vaccine is a shot. A provider can give it either as _________ vaccination (between the top layers of your skin) or __________ vaccination (injected into the fat under your skin).

Answer 38

intradermal subcutaneous

Question 39

Self-care and prevention Things to do to help the symptoms and prevent transmitting mpox to others: Do contact your health care provider for advice; stay at home and in your own, well-ventilated room if possible; wash hands often with soap and water or hand sanitizer, especially before or after touching sores; wear a mask and cover lesions when around other people until your rash heals; keep skin dry and uncovered (unless in a room with someone else); avoid touching items in shared spaces and disinfect shared spaces frequently; use _________ rinses for sores in the mouth; take _______ baths with _________ or __________ for body sores; and take over-the-counter medications for pain like paracetamol (acetaminophen) or ibuprofen

Answer 39

saltwater warm baking soda ; Epsom salts

Question 40

Self-care and prevention Do not ______ blisters or _______ sores, which can slow healing, spread the rash to other parts of the body, and cause sores to become infected; or ______ areas with sores until scabs have healed and you have new skin underneath (this can spread the rash to other parts of the body).

Answer 40

pop ; scratch shave

Question 41

Health workers should follow infection prevention and control measures to protect themselves while caring for patients with mpox by wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) (i.e. __________ ,_______,_________, and ___________ ) and adhering to protocol for safely swabbing lesions for diagnostic testing and handling sharp objects such as needles

Answer 41

gloves, gown, eye protection and respirator

Question 42

How do I take care of myself? If you have mpox symptoms, you can take care of yourself at home with: Over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Medicines like__________ and ________ can help relieve your symptoms. ______________ baths can relieve the dry, itchy feeling that comes with skin rashes. Rest and fluids. It’s important to stay home, rest and drink plenty of fluids to help you recover.

Answer 42

ibuprofen and acetaminophen Colloidal oatmeal