Research Methods: Variables

Question 1

Extraneous Variable definition

Answer 1

Any variable in a stuffy that can influence the Dv that isn’t the IV

Question 2

Two types of extraneous variables

Answer 2

• participant
• situational

Question 3

Participants Variables

Answer 3

• age
• gender
• intelligence

Question 4

Situational Variables

Answer 4

• time of year
• temperature
• noise

Question 5

How to control extranouse variables

Answer 5

• make everything the same for all participants
• standardised instructions and procedure
• counterbalancing

Question 6

confounding variabels

Answer 6

• any variable, other than the IV, that may effect the DV but it varies systematically with the IV
• eg what a participant did prior to the experiment like drinking loads of coffee

Question 7

Demand Characteristics

Answer 7

• change in participant behaviour due to picking up on cues, leading to guessing the aims
• ‘screw’ or ‘please’ you effect

Question 8

controlling demand characteristics

Answer 8

• single blind characteristics: participant unaware
• deception: lying about the aim or us using distracting questions

Question 9

Social Desirability

Answer 9

• changing in behavour due to wanting to be perceived as socially acceptable

Question 10

Investigator Bias

Answer 10

investigator may be effected by own expectation of the study

Question 11

Observer Effect

Answer 11

• people not acting same ay when being observed

Question 12

Controlling the Investigator Effect

Answer 12

• double blind: investigator and participant dont know the aims
• inter-rater reliability: independent rater rate the same behavours as reseach

Question 13

Standardisation

Answer 13

• all participants subject to the same envrionment and experince
• use of standardised instructions

Question 14

Radomisation

Answer 14

• us using chance wherever possible in the deisgn of an investigation
• random allocation
• random gen of stimuli