Unit 15

Question 1

The sum total of all chemical activities occurring in the cell

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

Synthesis of large molecules from small ones

Answer 2

Anabolism

Question 3

Break down of complex structures to smaller ones

Answer 3

Catabolism

Question 4

Reflects the energy the body needs to perform its most essential activities

Answer 4

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Question 5

A substance in food that promotes normal growth, maintenance and repair

Answer 5

Nutrient

Question 6

Carbohydrates, lipids and protiens

Answer 6

Major nutrients

Question 7

Vitamins and minerals

Answer 7

Other nutrients

Question 8

Nutrients that cannot be synthesized in the cell from other nutrients; must be ingested; essential for cellular processes

Answer 8

Essential Nutrients

Question 9

Linoleic acid and linolenic acids

Answer 9

Essential fatty acids

Question 10

What vitamins are synthesized in the body?

Answer 10

Vitamins D, some B, and K

Question 11

Are water soluble vitamins stored in the body?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

Are fat soluble vitamins stored in the body?

Answer 12

Yes, except for K

Question 13

Work with nutrients to ensure proper body function

Answer 13

Minerals

Question 14

What do calcium, phosphorus and magnesium salts do?

Answer 14

Harden Bone

Question 15

What is essential for oxygen binding to hemoglobin

Answer 15

Iron

Question 16

What is necessary for thyroid hormone synthesis?

Answer 16

Iodine

Question 17

What 2 minerals are major electrolytes in the blood?

Answer 17

Sodium and cloride

Question 18

A group of genetic conditions involving a deficiency or absence of an enzyme

Answer 18

Inborn errors of metabolism

Question 19

A deficiency of calories in general and particularly in protein due to extreme starvation

Answer 19

Protein-Calorie Malnutrition

Question 20

___ and ___ of arterioles in the skin is extremely important in heat regulation by transfering heat from capillaries to the skin

Answer 20

Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation

Question 21

Flow of heat waves, 60% of body heat loss

Answer 21

Radiation

Question 22

Physical transfer of heat

Answer 22

Conduction

Question 23

Heat transfer to air

Answer 23

Convection

Question 24

Absorption of heat by water vaporization (sweat)

Answer 24

Evaporation

Question 25

Chemicals and substances that cause the hypothalamus to reset the body temp thermostat to a higher level

Answer 25

Pyrogens

Question 26

An inherited condition characterized by abnormal increase in body temp and muscle rigidity when exposed to certain anesthetics during surgery

Answer 26

Malignant Hyperthermia

Question 27

Occurs when the body loses a large amount of fluid resulting from heat-loss mechanisms. Treatment is to rest in a cool place and replace fluids

Answer 27

Heat Exhaustion

Question 28

A severe and sometimes fatal condition resulting from the inability of the body to maintain a normal temp in an hot environment

Answer 28

Heat Stroke or Sunstroke