What are the functions of the skeletal system (5)?
Support, Protection, Movement, Storage, Hemopoiesis
What is hemopoiesis?
Blood cell formation
The smallest functional unit of the bone
Osteon
Bone-forming cells
Osteoblasts
Bone-restoring cells; multi-nucleated
Osteocytes
Cartilage cells: these are important during the developmental / growth stages.
Chondrocytes
Long bones grow from:
Epiphyseal plate
Once bone growth has ceased, the epiphyseal plate turns into the …
Epiphyseal
Areas of incomplete ossification in the skull before birth; soft spots:
Fontanels
Spaces/cavities inside some of the cranial bones
Sinuses
Infection of the mucous membranes that line the sinuses:
Sinusitis
Skeletal tumor
Osteosarcoma
Cancer of the skeletal cartilage
Chondrosarcoma
Malignant connective tissue tumor that initiated by cancerous fibroblasts
Fibrosarcoma
Loss of calcified matrix and collagenous fibers
Osteoporosis
Loss of hard mineral crystals (usually due to a deficiency of vitamin D
Osteomalacia
Erratic growth and deformation of bones
Padget’s Disease
Open fractures
Compound
Closed fractures
Simple
Bending a joint
Flexion
Straightening the joint out
Extension
increases the angle of a joint to move the part away from the midline
Abduction
Decreased the angle of the joint to move the part closer to the midline
Adduction
Spins one bone relative to another
Rotation
