Unit 3

Question 1

3 Types of Neurons

Answer 1

• Sensory
• Interneuron
• Motor

Question 2

Axon Terminals

Answer 2

• End of axon
• Message releases neurotransmitters (chemicals) into the synapse (space between neurons)
  
  • How neurons communicate
  • Dendrites pick up neurotransmitters (some but not all)

Question 3

Neural firing

Answer 3

-Sending a message down the axon

Question 4

Resting Potential

Answer 4

• Preparing to communicate, but not doing it
• Positive ions outside, negative ions inside (PONI)
• Also called polarized (state of polarization)
  
  • Positive and negative ions are at opposite poles

Question 5

2 Types of Competing Messages

Answer 5

• Excitatory neurotransmitters (tell neurons to fire)
• Inhibitory Neurotransmitters (Tell neurons not to fire)
  
  • Compete with each other

Question 6

Types of Neurotransmitters

Answer 6

• Endorphins
  
  • Natural Pain Killer
• Acetylcholine
  
  • Messenger
  • Lives between motor neurons and skeletal muscles
  • Allows movement, learning, and memory

Question 7

Classes of Chemicals

Answer 7

• Agonists

- Antagonists

Question 8

Functional Divisions of the Nervous System

Answer 8

• Peripheral Nervous System
  
  • Somatic (division of peripheral)
  • Autonomic (division of central)
    
    • Sympathetic (division of autonomic)
    • Parasympathetic (division of autonomic
• Central Nervous System

Question 9

Biological Psychologist

Answer 9

• The scientific study of the links between biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) & psychological processes
• Ex: Behavioral neuroscientists, neuropsychologists

Question 10

Phrenology

Answer 10

• Study of bumps on the skull and how they reveal a person’s mental abilities and character traits
• Created by German physician Franz Gall
• Popularity faded, but led to the idea of localization of function (various brain regions have particular functions)

Question 11

Dopamine

Answer 11

• Influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion

- Neurotransmitter