give examples of ABIOTIC factors
Abiotic
- Sunlight
- Temperature
- Soil type
- Air (oxygen, carbon dioxide)
- Rocks/minerals
-pH level
give examples of BIOTIC factors
Biotic
- Plants (trees, algae)
- Animals
- Fungi
- Bacteria
- Humans
compare and contrast survival relationships: mutualism, commensalism
mutualism - benefit (A-effect), benefit (B-effect), bee and flower (ex.)
commensalism - benefit (A-effect), no effect (B-effect), barnacle and whale (ex.)
compare and contrast survival relationships: parasitism, predator-prey relationship
parasitism - benefit (A-effect), harmed (B-effect), tick and dog (ex.)
predator-prey - benefit (A-effect), killed (B-effect), lion and zebra (ex.)
define heterotroph, autotroph, saprophyte
heterotroph - cannot make own food, eats others for energy
autotroph - makes own food (plants, algae)
saprophyte - gets energy from dead/decaying matter (fungi, some bacteria)
define producer, and consumer
producer - another word for autotroph, base of food chain
consumer - primarily = herbivores (rabbit), secondary = carnivores (snakes), tertiary = top predators (hawks)
briefly describe the levels of organization in biology form atom to biosphere (SMALLEST LEVELS)
smallest levels: atom -> molecule -> organelle -> cell
briefly describe the levels of organization in biology form atom to biosphere (CELLS TO AN INDIVIDUAL)
cells to an individual: tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism
briefly describe the levels of organization in biology form atom to biosphere (ECOLOGICAL LEVELS)
ecological levels: population -> community -> ecosystem -> biome -> biosphere
contrast asexual and sexual reproduction
asexual: involves one parent, produced genetically identical offspring (clones), fast and energy efficient
sexual: involves two parents, produces genetically unique offspring, slower and requires more energy
compare asexual and sexual reproduction
both pass on genetic information, ensure species survival and use cell division
define adaptation provide an example of one adaptation in a plant and an example of an adaptation in an animal
adaptation is a feature or trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment. it can be structural, behavioural, or physiological
example of one adaptation in a plant and an example of an adaptation in an animal
plant: cactus spines reduce water loss and protect against herbivores in deserts
animals: polar bears have thick fur and fat to stay warm in the arctic cold
define homeostasis
homeostasis is the process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes
example of homeostasis in a plant and an example of homeostasis in an animal
plant: stomata open/close to regulate water loss and gas exchange
animal: humans sweat or shiver to maintain body temperature
