Unit Three (In-Class)

Question 1

Demography

Answer 1

The study of characteristics of human population (ethnicity, sexuality, etc.)

Question 2

Population Distributions

Answer 2

Descriptions of locations on the Earth’s surface where individuals or groups live

Question 3

How do you measure population?

Answer 3

Census

Question 4

Census

Answer 4

Every ten years, not always accurate, under representation

Question 5

Population Density

Answer 5

The number of people occupying an area of land

Question 6

What are the three ways of measuring density?

Answer 6

Arethmaetic, Physiological, agricultural

Question 7

Arithmetic Density

Answer 7

People per land

Question 8

Physiological Density

Answer 8

People per arable land

Question 9

Agricultural Density

Answer 9

Farmers per arable land

Question 10

Factors that Shape Distribution

Answer 10

Accessibility, topography, soil fertility, climate, weather, water, political history, and economic history

Question 11

Common Traits of Global Population

Answer 11

• Almost 90% of all people live north of the equator
  -65 live between 20 and 60 degrees N. latitude
  -World inhabitatnts live only on 10% of the land
  -80% of the world lives within 500 miles of the ocean

Question 12

Ecumene

Answer 12

The portion of the Earth’s surface occupied by permanent HUMAN settlement.

Question 13

What are the four major population aglglomerations?

Answer 13

East Asia, South Asia, Europe, and Southeast Asia

Question 14

East Asia

Answer 14

China, Japan, The Korean Peninsula, Taiwan; 1/4 of the world’s population

Question 15

South Asia

Answer 15

India, Pakistan, Bengladesh, and Sri Lanka

Question 16

Europe

Answer 16

North Europe Plain, URBAN pouplation

Question 17

Southeast Asia

Answer 17

Indonesia, Phillippines, Indo-China Peninsula

Question 18

What is the relation of populations and scales?

Answer 18

Populations must be examined at local, regional, and global scales

Question 19

World Population Clock

Answer 19

How many people are born and die per day

Question 20

What are the ways to measure population change

Answer 20

Crude Birth Rate, Crude Death Rate, Natural Increase Rate

Question 21

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Answer 21

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society

Question 22

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Answer 22

The total number of deaths a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society

Question 23

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

Answer 23

Also known as Growth Rate and Rate of Natural Increase, the percentage by which a population grows in a year

Question 24

What is the NIR equation?

Answer 24

(CBR-CDR) / 10

Question 25

Doubling Rate/Time

Answer 25

Tells you how long it will take for the population of a country to double. This tells you about the future needs of a country- planning is important!

Question 26

What is the doubling time equation?

Answer 26

Take the base population and multiply it by the NIR

Question 27

Rule of 70

Answer 27

70/ growth rate = number of years it will take for a country to double

Question 28

What influences population growth?

Answer 28

Economic development, education, gender empowerment, healthcare, cultural traditions, and public policy

Question 29

Fecund

Answer 29

The ability for a woman to conceive (fertility)

Question 30

What is the fecund range?

Answer 30

15-45

Question 31

Total Fertility Rate

Answer 31

Average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years

Question 32

What impacts the number of children a woman will have?

Answer 32

Education, employment, and healthcare

Question 33

Infant Mortality Rate

Answer 33

Annual number of births deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births (per 1,000 people)

Question 34

Mortality

Answer 34

Mortality refers to the incidence of death within a population, typically measured as a rate per 1,000 individuals over a specific time period.

Question 35

LIfe Expectancy

Answer 35

Measures the average number of years a newborn can expect to live at current levels

Question 36

Population Pyramids

Answer 36

A population pyramid is a graphical illustration that shows: -Distribution of various age groups -Sex ratio: # of women to men -Dependency Ratio

Question 37

Dependency Ratio

Answer 37

The number of dependents in relation to the working population

Question 38

Demographic Transition Model

Answer 38

Explains the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system. DOES NOT INCLUDE MIGRATION.

Question 39

J Curve

Answer 39

The growth rate of the population accelerates; exponential growth

Question 40

S Curve

Answer 40

Logistic growth; the rate slows down

Question 41

Two Big Breaks in the Cycle

Answer 41

Sudden Drop in the Crude Death Rate; Sudden Drop in the Crude Birth Rate

Question 42

Overpopulation

Answer 42

Theories for the relationship between population and resources

Question 43

Thomas Malthus

Answer 43

Population is left unchecked, will grow geometrically, wheras food supply increases arithmetically as the amount of land is finite. Therefore, there would be a Malthusian catastrophe.

Question 44

Geometric Growth Example

Answer 44

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32

Question 45

Arithmetic Growth Example

Answer 45

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Question 46

What are the two types of Malthusian Checks?

Answer 46

Positive and Preventative

Question 47

Positive Malthusian Checks

Answer 47

War, Famine, Misery

Question 48

Preventative Malthusian Checks

Answer 48

Marry later; intentionally have fewer children; be celbint (don't have sex)

Question 49

What did Malthus not allow for in his theory?

Answer 49

New technology, the opening of new land of cultivation, irrigation systems, the green revolution, the slowdown in population growth to the latter stages of DTM

Question 50

Neo-Malthusians

Answer 50

Acellerated population growth in LDCs since the 1950s renewed Malthusian fears, thus creating Neo-Malthusians

Question 51

Ester Boserup

Answer 51

Environment has limits that restrict population, but these limits can be changed using technologies; population growth is the trigger for innovation

Question 52

Evidence which supports Boserup

Answer 52

Increasing of shifting cultivation; move from 'slash and burn' agriculture to using irrigation; the green revolution; increased yields; GMOs (genetically modified organisms)