types of auto-immune myositis
- polymyositis
- polymylagia
- dermatomyositis
presentation auto-immune myositis
- muscle weakness (symmetrical, diffuse, proximal
investigations for Sjogrens syndrome
- schemers test
- immunology
- biopsy of salivary glands
Sjorgens syndrome
immune disorder identified by its two most common symptoms; dry eyes and a dry mouth. often accompanies other immune disorders e.g. RA and SLE
complications diffuse scleroderma
- pulmonary fibrosis
- renal crisis
- small intestine bacterial overgrowth
scleroderma
chronic hardening and contraction of the skin and connective tissue (locally or systemically)
describe Raynauds syndrome/ phenomenon
spasm of arteries causing episodes of reduced blood flow
normally fingers
typical causes of Raynauds
cold
stress
anxiety
connective tissue disorders
- SLE
- scleroderma
- auto-immune myositis
- mixed connective tissue disorder
management of metastatic bone disease
- early chemo
- prophylactic internal fixation
- use of bone cement
classification for giant cell arteritis
at least 3 of:
- > 50
- raised ESR >50
- new headache
- temporal artery tenderness
- abnormal temporary artery biopsy
signs of inadequate dorsiflexion control
- foot slap
- toe drag
define pauciarticular JIA
<4 joints affected
adult acute septic arthritis presentation
- unwilling to move
- pain @ normally one joint
- normally superficial joint
- rarely in healthy adult
- tachycardia
- hyperthermia
localised growth failure in JIA
- leg length discrepancies
- shortening of fingers, hands, forearms, toes and feet
- micrognathia
micrognathia
condition where lower jaw is undersized
diagnosis indicators TB bone and joint
- single joint
- marked synovial thickening
- muscle wasting
- periarticular wasting
- periarticular osteoporosis
causes of plantar fasciitis
- athletes with increased intensity training
- running poorly padded shoes/ hard surfaces
- obesity
- occupations involving standing up
- high gastro-soleus
management ankle #SH2
displaced <3mm - POP 4+2
displaced >3mm - MUA POP
child elbow fracture involving phesis results in
deformity
what is Volkmanns contracture
permanent flexion contracture of hand @ wrist, resulting in claw like deformity of the hand
treatment of DDH <3 months
simple splint
