3.0 skeleton overview

Question 1

purpose of bones?

Answer 1

support

protection

anchorage/movement

mineral & growth factor storage

hematopoiesis (blood cell formation from stem cells bone marrow)

triglyceride storage (from yellow bone marrow)

hormone production

Question 2

how are bones classified? what are the types

Answer 2

based on shape

1. Long bone: shaft with two ends
2. Flat bone: thin, flattened, slightly curved
3. short bone: cubes
4. irregular bone: anything else

Question 3

what are progections vs depresions

Answer 3

bone markings

Projections; grow outward from bone surface

• typically an attachement site for muscles and joints

*ouward features on the surface

depressions: passages for nerves and blood vessels

Question 4

what are the types of projections

Answer 4

• tubercle , tuberosity , trochanter: round bumps
• facet: smooth, nearly falt articular surface

*articular surface = point where two bones come together*

Condyle: rounded articular surface

*can have medial and lateral condiles and epiconsdiles next to them

Epicondyle: raised area above a condyle

spine: sharp slender, pointed projection

head: exampion of end of a bone - carred by a neck

Ramus: arm like bar of bone (ramus = branch)

Question 5

what are the types of depressions and openings

Answer 5

Fissure: narrow slit like opening

Foramen: round/oval opening through a bone

Meatus: canal like passage way

Sinus: cavity/space within a bone

Fossa: Shallow, basin like depression in a bone

Question 6

two groups of bones

Answer 6

1. Axial: protection, support, carrying other parts
2. Appendiculat skeleton: locomotiona nd manipulation (is attached to axial skeleton)

Question 7

what are the parts of the axial skeleton

Answer 7

• 80 bones

3 major regions: skull, vertebral column and thoracic cage

Question 8

parts of appendicular skeleton

Answer 8

• symmetrical
• pectoral and pelvic girdles attach limbs to body trunk
• each limb has 3 major segments connected by joints
• simmilarities exist between upper and lower limbs