AP Psy: Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence test

Answer 1

A method for assessing on individual’s mental attributes & comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores

Question 2

Achievement test

Answer 2

A test designed to assess what a person has learned.

• AP Tests

Question 3

Aptitude test

Answer 3

A test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.

Question 4

Collectivism & Individualism

Answer 4

C: family, community, society welfare
I: promoting individual opportunity

Question 5

Frana’s Gatton

Answer 5

• Measure “natural ability”, measuring humans traits
• Funded eugenics
  
  • Assessed “intellectual strengths” - reaction time, sensory, muscular, body
• Nature & Nurture phrase

Question 6

Mental Age

Answer 6

A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the level of performance typically associated with children of a certain chronological age.

• Child does well as an average 8, has the mental age of 8
• Child with disabilities score like a younger child
• Intellectual gifted child should score like a typical older child
• Tested for which children needed special attention

Question 7

Stanford-Binet

Answer 7

The widely used American revision of Binet’s original intelligence test.

Question 8

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

Answer 8

A score from a standardized test that measures cognitive abilities like reasoning, problem-solving, & memory.

Ratio of mental age (ma) to chronologial age (ca) multiplied by 100.

On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.
- Now, relative to the average performance

Question 9

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

Answer 9

A standardized IQ test developed by David Wechsler to measure intelligence and cognitive ability in adults and older adolescents.

It assesses various aspects of intelligence, including verbal and nonverbal abilities, through subtests that measure areas like verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, and working memory.

Question 10

Psychometrics

Answer 10

The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, & traits.

• Stanford & WAIS meet these requirements

Question 11

Standardization

Answer 11

Defining uniform testing procedures & meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

Question 12

Normal curve

Answer 12

The bell-shaped curve that describes the distributions of many physical & psychological attributes.

Most scores fall near the average & fewer scores lie near the extremes.

Question 13

Flynn effect

Answer 13

The rise in intelligence test performance over time & across cultures.

Question 14

Reliability

Answer 14

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on 2 halves of the test, on alternative forms of the test, or on retesting.

Question 15

Validity

Answer 15

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.

Question 16

Content validity

Answer 16

How well a test samples all the relevant parts of the specific topic or “construct” (like memory or intelligence) it’s supposed to measure

Question 17

Construct validity

Answer 17

How much a test measure a concept or trait.

Question 18

Predictive validity

Answer 18

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between tests scores & the criterion behavior.

(Also called criterion-related validity.)

Question 19

Cross-sectional study

Answer 19

Research that compares people of different ages at the same point in time.

Question 20

Longitudinal study

Answer 20

Research that follows & retests the same people over time.

Question 21

Heredity

Answer 21

The portion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes.

Question 22

Growth mindset

Answer 22

The belief that intelligence & abilities aren’t fixed but can be developed through dedication, hard work, & learning.