Cell Structure

Question 1

Who first “discovered” the cell?

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Question 2

A gel-like substance containing chemicals necessary for growth

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

Produce proteins, found free and on rough ER

Answer 3

Ribosomes

Question 4

What are the major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 4

Eukaryotic: Nucleus and organelles, multiple chromosome pairs
Prokaryotic: No nucleus or organelles, single circular chromosome

Question 5

Round prokaryote

Answer 5

Coccus

Question 6

Rod shaped prokaryote

Answer 6

Bacillus

Question 7

Curved rod prokaryote

Answer 7

Vibrio

Question 8

Short rod prokaryote

Answer 8

Coccobacillus

Question 9

Spiral shaped prokaryote

Answer 9

Spirillum (Spirilla)

Question 10

What are a string of cocci and cluster of cocci called respectively?

Answer 10

Streptococci and staphylococci

Question 11

Long loose helix spiraled prokaryote

Answer 11

Spirochete

Question 12

What are the three essential parts of a plasma membrane?

Answer 12

Phospholipid bilayer
Proteins
Carbohydrates

Question 13

Molecules flow from _ to _ concentration through a membrane

Answer 13

high to low

Question 14

Does simple diffusion require energy? Use protein?

Answer 14

No
No

Question 15

Does facilitated diffusion require energy? Use protein?

Answer 15

No
Yes

Question 16

Does active transport require energy? Use protein?

Answer 16

Yes
Yes

Question 17

Nuclear membrane that houses DNA

Answer 17

Nucleus

Question 18

A region in the nucleus where rRNA biosynthesis occurs

Answer 18

Nucleolus

Question 19

Series of tubules and sacs to transport materials around the cell

Answer 19

Endomembrane system

Question 20

Tubules and sacs with a single lipid layer, and two different types

Answer 20

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 21

Organelle that generates ATP via cellular respiration

Answer 21

Mitochondria