ch 10

Question 1

photosynthesis equation

Answer 1

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 2

difference between photosynthesis and aerobic respiration

Answer 2

photosynthesis: energy-storing pathway, releases oxygen, requires carbon dioxide
aerobic respiration: energy-releasing pathway, requires oxygen, releases carbon dioxide

Question 3

what is in the structure of the choloroplast?

Answer 3

two outer membranes, stroma, inner membrane system (thylakoids)

Question 4

what are the two types of reactions in photosynthesis

Answer 4

light dependent and light-independent reactions

Question 5

light dependent reactions

Answer 5

membranes of thylakoids, captures light energy

Question 6

light independent reactions

Answer 6

in darkness, in stroma, semifluid medium inside chloroplast

Question 7

different pigments that absorb different wavelength of light

Answer 7

chlorophyll a&b, carotenoids, phycobilins, anthocyanins

Question 8

chlorophyll a

Answer 8

absorbs violet, blue, red, and reflects green

Question 9

chlorophyll b and carotenoids

Answer 9

absorb blue and green; appear yellow, orange, red

Question 10

phycobilins

Answer 10

include red and blue; good for capturing light in low light conditions

Question 11

anthocyanins

Answer 11

contribute to red, blue and purple colors

Question 12

what happens when light strikes and object

Answer 12

1. absorbed (captured)
   or
2. reflected (bounded back)
   or
3. transmitted (passed through)

Question 13

Photosystem II

Answer 13

generates ATP

Question 14

photsystem I

Answer 14

generates NADPH

Question 15

what comes first photosystem II or I

Answer 15

photosystem II

Question 16

electron flow

Answer 16

PS II –> ETC –> PS I –> ETC –> NADP to make NADPH

Question 17

the role of water in photosynthesis

Answer 17

splitting water: the flows of electrons through photosystems (electrons in PS II: replaced by the splitting water)

Question 18

C3 cylcle (Calvin-Benson cycle)

Answer 18

captures carbon dioxide; use energy in ATP and NADPH from light-dependent to make glucose from CO2

Question 19

what are the three stages of C3

Answer 19

1. carbon fixation
2. synthesis of G3P
3. regeneration of RuBP

Question 20

overall reactants of calvin-benson cycle

Answer 20

• carbon dioxide
• ATP
• NADPH

Question 21

overall products of calvin-benson cycle

Answer 21

• glcuose
• ADP
• NADP+

Question 22

what happens to the stomata on hot days

Answer 22

it closes

Question 23

C4 plants

Answer 23

carbon dioxide is fixed twice

Question 24

CAM plants (in same cells)

Answer 24

night: carbon dioxide is fixed to form organic acids
day: carbon dioxide is released and fixed in calvin-benson cycle

Question 25

photon

Answer 25

packet of light energy; have the most energy level as shortest wavelegnth (blue-violet length)

Question 26

stomata

Answer 26

mouth of the plant; CO2 enters and O2 leaves the the leaf through here

Question 27

chloroplasts

Answer 27

found mainly in the cells of the mesophyll, the interior tissue of the leaf

Question 28

chemiosmosis

Answer 28

electrical and H+ concentration gradients are created between thylakoid compartment and stroma

Question 29

grana

Answer 29

stacks of thylakoid membranes within a plant cell's chloroplast

Question 30

mesophyll

Answer 30

the interior tissue of the leaf

Question 31

cuticle

Answer 31

protects the plants from environmental stresses

Question 32

photoautotroph

Answer 32

carbon source is carbon dioxide: energy source is sunlight

Question 33

epidermis

Answer 33

outermost layer of an organism, providing a protective barrier against the external environment

Question 34

thylakoid

Answer 34

sac-like membrane structures within chloroplasts that are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis