Comptia A+ Core 2 > Chapter 12: Working with OSs > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Working with OSs Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

__________ are tasks handled by Windows and needed for the operating system to function.

A

Services. Services run without user intervention and may even continue to run after a user has logged off of the system. Services run in the background and perform crucial tasks that the windows operating system needs to function properly.

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2
Q

Where would one go within the Control Panel to find the settings for features such as narrator, magnifier, or color filters?

A

Ease of Access. The Ease of Access section contains settings that let you adjust various hearing, vision, and interaction elements within windows. It is also where you will find the narrator and magnifier tools.

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3
Q

Steve has just realized that he spelled his username incorrectly when setting up his PC. Which section in Windows Settings does he need to visit in order to change his username?

A

Accounts. The Accounts section within windows settings allows a user to add, edit, or remove users as well as changing sign-in options.

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4
Q

Which is not a root key in the registry?

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
HKEY_CURRENT_USER
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
HKEY_CURRENT_MACHINE

A

HKEY_CURRENT_MACHINE is not a root key in the registry.

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5
Q

The registry files are stored in the C:\Windows\System32\___________ folder.

A

config. The registry files are stored in the C:\Windows\System32\config folder.

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6
Q

A user can create a custom list of administrative tools using snap-ins within what Microsoft framework?

A

Microsoft Management Console (MMC). The Microsoft Management Console (MMC) offers a framework in which multiple administrative tools can be added to a single management interface. You can even us MMC to create custom toolsets and distribute to others for use on their machine.

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7
Q

Services (Windows)

A

Applications or functions started by an OS to perform specific and critical background tasks as needed

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8
Q

Processes (Windows)

A

Applications, utilities, or other software that a user starts.

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9
Q

Users (Windows)

A

anyone that issues commands or requests to a computer

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10
Q

Windows Task Manager

A

Access by hitting the windows key -> search task -> run as admin. Manages processes and services running on a pac. Resource monitor to find stuck/rouge processes and see resource allocation.

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11
Q

The Control Panel (Windows)

A

A collection of tools called applets. Each tool has a .cpl

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12
Q

Devices and Printers (Windows)

A

Go to a place to manage anything connected to your computer. Printers, Bluetooth, etc.

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13
Q

Ease of Access (Windows)

A

If you or customer needs assistance visually or accessibility help you can find help here.

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14
Q

Programs and Features (Windows)

A

windows key-> appwiz.cpl

Uninstall or change installed applications.

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15
Q

Indexing Options (Windows)

A

Controls whether or not windows indexs your files. Can slow down machine. Good if you need to search through your files frequently.

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16
Q

Internet Options (Windows)

A

Most people won’t need to adjust this. If you need a proxy server or to set up advanced networking settings here is where you do it.

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17
Q

Sound (Windows)

A

Fine tune input/output devices. Troubleshoot audio devices.

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18
Q

Network and Sharing Center (Windows)

A

When you connect to a new network this applet tells windows how to handle it.

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19
Q

Mail (Windows)

A

Manages profiles for outlook and other mail clients.

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20
Q

User Accounts (Windows)

A

Manages who can access computer and how.

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21
Q

Windows Defender Firewall (Windows)

A

Built in firewall helps to protect your system from unauthorized access.

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22
Q

Power Options (Windows)

A

Changes how computer consumes power.

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23
Q

Fast Start Up (Windows)

A

Enabled by default. Speed up boot times by caching system data.

setting is found under Power Options -> choose what the power button do.

Turning this feature off may be a good idea if you find your drivers are not loading correctly

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24
Q

USB Selective Suspend (Windows)

A

Setting is found under Power Options -> change plan settings -> change advanced power settings -> USB settings.

Can prolong laptop battery life by allowing windows to turn off power to USB devices

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25
System Settings (Windows)
Device names, hardware, version numbers, etc.
26
Windows Settings
Adjust system preferences, operating system configuration, and manage peripheral devices. More user friendly than control panel. Start button -> gear icon or Right click the start icon -> Settings or Windows key + I
27
MMC
Microsoft Management Console (MMC). A blank framework that you can customize using tools called snap-ins
28
Snap-Ins
Let you manage everything from disk and users to security certificates, events, and system preferances.
29
Event Viewer
In MMC, gives you access to system and application log files. Critical errors and warning to general messages will be displayed. Good for trouble shooting and seeing how machine is behaving.
30
Disk Managment in MMC
in MMC, modify partitions and drives
31
Task Scheduler
In MMC, lets you automate task, run script or open apps at certain times or in response to an event.
32
Device Manager in MMC
In MMC, lets you view and manage hardware on your computer.
33
Certificates
In MMC, access to digital certificates on the system. Used for authentication, encryption, and secure communication. Essential for working in a secure environment.
34
Local Users and Groups
In MMC, Can create and manage user account and groups. essential for local user management.
35
Performance
In MMC, tracks how system is doing in real time. either live or at a set period of time. Helps diagnose system bottle necks.
36
Local Computer Policy
In MMC, gives access to group policy editor for a single machine. Control user permissions, restrict access, enforce policies.
37
System information "msinfo32.exe"
Gathers full profile of your system. Hardware specs, environmental variability, and more.
38
Resource monitor "resmon.exe"
Shows real time data for CPU, Memory, Disk, and network usage. Great for drilling down into whats working the system hardest right now.
39
System Configuration "msconfig.exe"
used to control what happens on start up/boot. Helpful for diagnosing startup issues.
40
Disk Cleanup/Degragmentor "cleanmgr.exe."/"dfrgui.exe"
work together to optimize disk performance. cleanup, remove tempfiles, caches and other clutter. Defragmentation reorganizes fragmented files to make them quicker to access.
41
Registry Editor "regedit.exe"
Allows you to view and edit windows registry. Be very careful modifying these files because it can break the system.
42
What is Registry?
The registry stores all windows settings. IP addresses, users + passwords, applications, background settings, etc.
43
regedit.exe
Registry editor - The only way to read the registry in its entirety.
44
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
Least used root key in the registry. Contains literally everything in your computer
45
HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
This root key contains what software and aspects of the computer are being used right now.
46
HKLM
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE. HKLM is also shorthand way of referring to registry. This root key defines all settings for this computer. Drivers, hardware, software, backgrounds, screensavers, etc.
47
HKEY_USERS
List all users on computer. defines how their console is set up, drivers they may need, and other things individual users may need, but the other users or computer as a whole does not need.
48
HKEY_CURRENT_USER
Displays the HKEY_USER information for the currently logged in user.
49
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE -> Software -> Microsoft -> Windows -> Current Version -> Run
One of the many places where things that auto start on boot are displayed.
50
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE -> Software -> Microsoft -> Windows -> Current Version -> Run Once
Will open the files in this key once on startup and then it will be removed and wont open on start up again.
51
Add values to registry. Example when in Run key
Right click -> add new key. When in the new key right click -> add value. Right click on new value -> modify "value Data". This is how you manually add value to registry.
52
Save something in Registry
Right click the key you want to make a copy of -> export. Allows you to make a copy of the original registry key before modifying said key in case something goes wrong.
53
Put a saved registry file into the registry
Right click the registry file -> merge. After modifying a key to fix an issue the key can be exported, sent to other computers to then merge and fix the issue without having to modify each indvidually.
54
System Settings/System Preferences (MacOS)
to access click apple in top left corner -> system settings. hitting view while this window is active displays many setting tools you will need to know.
55
Display (MacOS)
Control screen resolution, brightness, and multiple monitors
56
Network (MacOS)
Configure ethernet, wi-fi, VPN, Firewall, And proxy settings.
57
Printers and Scanners (MacOS)
Mange Printers, scanners, or fax. Set default printer.
58
Privacy & Security (MacOS)
Controls what Mac shares locally and online
59
Location Services (MacOS)
Apps and websites can use your location to deliver more relavant content.
60
Full Disk Access (MacOS)
Used by antivirus software & back up tools to access system level files.
61
App Permissions (MacOS)
Choose to allow apps from app store certain access to device.
62
File Vault (MacOS)
Encrypts start up disk requiring password to access data.
63
Advanced Security Settings (MacOS)
Can require admin password to change system wide settings
64
Appearance (MacOS)
Customize how MacOS looks. Dark Mode.
65
Accessibility (MacOS)
Provides features for vision, hearing, mobility, and learning needs, fine tune Zoom and voice over.
66
Time Machine (MacOS)
Apple built in backup tool.
67
Multiple Desktops (MacOS)
Allows you to make separate desktops for different activities.
68
Mission Control (MacOS)
Displays all open windows at once. Quick switch between apps.
69
Keychain (MacOS)
Store passwords and sync them across apple devices.
70
Spotlight (MacOS)
Search tool find apps, files, and perform simple math.
71
Icloud (MacOS)
Sync data across applications
72
Gestures (MacOS)
Trackpad motions that trigger actions
73
Finder (MacOS)
Mac's file explorer equivalent.
74
Dock (MacOS)
Quickly access favorite apps from bar on bottom of screen
75
Continuity (MacOS)
Allows you to use iPhone as webcam, share work between devices instantly etc.
76
Disk Utility (MacOS)
Format, Partition, or Repair disks. RAID functions as well.
77
Terminal (MacOS)
Mac's command line interface. Very similar to Linux Shell.
78
Force Quit (MacOS)
Close frozen app. Click apple top left. Force quit. Choose the problem application.
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