Chapter 3 Lesson 2

Question 1

Cellular respiration

Answer 1

releases (transfers) chemical energy from sugars and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present

C6 H12 O6+ 6O2➡️➡️➡️ 6CO2 +6H2O+ heat+ ATP

It is an exothermic reaction because heat is released
Producers and consumers carry out cellular respiration

Question 2

Aerobic respiration

Answer 2

It requires oxygen to take place

Produces a large amount of energy (ATP 36-38) CO2, and H2O

Cellular respiration is an aerobic process

Takes place in the cytoplasm and Mitochondria

Stages: Glycolysis, link reaction, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain

Question 3

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 3

does not require oxygen. It takes place in the cytoplasm

Produces less energy (2 ATP)

Produces lactic acid (in animals) and ethanol and CO2 in plants and yeast

Stages: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Question 4

Mitochondrion

Answer 4

bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA. They release the chemical energy required to make ATP

Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria

Question 5

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) - the second set of reactions in cellular respiration .
The function is to complete the breakdown of glucose started in glycolysis and fuel the production of ATP
Occurs in the Mitochondria

Answer 5

Pyruvate is broken down

Coenzyme A is added

Citric acid is formed

Citric acid is broken down

Five-carbon molecule is broken down

Four-carbon molecule is rearranged

Question 6

The electron transport chain- the final stage of CR
It uses proteins from the inner membrane of the mitochondrion to make ATP
Occurs in the Mitochondria

Answer 6

Electrons are transferred

Hydrogen ions are transported

ATP is produced

Water is formed

Question 7

Fermentation (Anaerobic)

Answer 7

Allows glycolysis to continue by providing a steady supply of NAD+

It removes electrons from NADPH and recycles NAD+

Occurs during exercise and Lactic Acid is a by- product and causes muscles to feel like they are burning

Examples: soy sauce from aspergillus
Cheese, yogurt from lactobacillus

Question 8

ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate)

Answer 8

The cell’s energy currency

Question 9

Glycolysis

Answer 9

The first stage of CR where glucose is broken down into compounds the mitochondria can use for CR

Occurs in the cytoplasm
It uses a series of enzymes to break glucose into 2- 3 carbon molecules called pyruvate

Question 10

Inputs of Glycolysis

Outputs of Glycolysis

Answer 10

Glucose, ATP, NAD+ , and ADP

2 ATP, NADH, water, and 2 molecules of Pyruvate

Question 11

Electron carriers

Answer 11

Molecules that transport electrons during celular respiration to help produce ATP