stressors
any event or situation that triggers coping adjustments
stress
the process by which we perceive and respond to events that we apparise as threats or challenges
affective neuroscience
the scentific study of neural mechanisms of emotions
burnout
a job related state of physical and psychological exhaustion
stereotypical threat
the experience of stress in a situation where persons ability, appearance, or other characteristics has the potential to confirm a negative viewpoint about their social group
SAM axis
bodys first intial response to stress (fight or flight). going from the hypothalamus that releases CRH to the pituitary that releases ACTH to the adrenal gland then finally the medulla.
HPA axis
2nd intial response to stress this goes through the same pattern, but instead goes from the glands to adrenal cortex and then produces cortisol. this axis helps with healing with coriscosteriods and maintaining homeostasis
tend to befriend
the human tendency to respond to stress by seeking the company of others
ecological momentary assessment
a method of measuring stress that involves repeated sampled behaviours and experiences in real time in their nature environment
cardiovascular reactivity
an individuals characteristic reaction to stress including changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and hormones
reactivity hypotheis
that individuals who show lg changes in blood pressure relating with stress, also have an increased rate of heart disease
glucorticiod receptor model
the idea that chornic stress promotes the devolpmental progression of disease by reducing the senstivty of the immune system.
allostatic load
the long term physiological effects of bodys stress response
general adaptation system
alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
transactional model
that experiences of stress depends as much on the individuals longitude appraisal of the potential stressors impact as it does on the event or situation itself.
primary appraisal
a persons intial determination of an events meaning, whenever its a threat or irrelevant
secondary appraisal
to determine persons resources and abilities are sufficient enough to meet the demands of the stressor
diathesis stress model
2 factors. genetic variability and environmental experiences
minority stress theory
the concept that proposes that health disparities among minority individuals are due to high stress levels.
the direct effect hypothesis
stress directly effects immune system (consistent activation of SAM and HPA axis)
the indirect effect hypothesis
maladaptive behaviours that are affecting immune system
cytokines
protein molecules produced by immune cells that have multiple biological effects.
respiratory sinus arrihythmia (RSA)
the PNS and SNS work together to maintain homeostasis
high RSA
inhale and exhale are different, inhale= vagus nerve less active and exhale=vagus nerve more active.
high RSA= good vagal tone
