coping
the cognitive behavioural and emotional ways in which we manage stress
engagement (apporach coping)
involves taking action and confronting source of stress
disengagment (aviodance coping)
aimed at distancing from ones self from the stressor
problem focused coping
the idea that deals directly with the stressor by reducing its demands or increasing ones resources to deal with given demands.
emotion focused coping
tries to control the emotional response to the stressor instead of the actual stressor. this can we either approach ortientated or approach aviodant.
emotion approach coping
process of working through, claifying, and understanding the emotions felt due to the stressor.
rumination
repetitive focus on the causes, meanings, and consequences of the stressful event
emotional cascade
becoming so focused on a upsetting event that one gets worked into a intense negative state.
repressive coping
emotion focused coping in which we attempt to inhibit our emotions to try and get a better understanding of the stressor
dispostional affect
genreal apporach to life- tendency to response to situations in an predictable way.
high positive affectivity
happy, cheerful, and energetic. this idea is influenced through situational experience, and is linked to better health.
high negative affectivity
tense, anxious. influence by heredity, linked to poor health.
optimistic v pessimistic
people who optimistic naturally cope better then those who are pessimistic.
pessimism is a negative view on life. sees setbacks as internal, global, and stable. they have the tendency to ruminate and disengage.
ABC’S of optimism
adveristy, beliefs, and consequences
psychological control
the idea that we control and make our decisions, determine what we do, and what we let others do to us.
regulatory control
various ways in which we moderate our thinking , emotions, and behaviours overtime and in changing circumstances
resilience
ability to bounce back from a overwhelming stressor that might disrupt well being. people who are resilient having caring and support relationships, can carry out plans, and have a positive self view
social support
compaionship from others that conveys emtional concern, material assistance, or honest feedback. people who receive this have faster recovery, lower morality rate, and less terminal illness.
buffering hypothesis
migates stress indirectly through the use of more effective coping strategies
direct effect hypothesis
may enhance the body’s physical responses to challenging situations
stress management
variety of psychological methods designed to reduce impact of stress experience
relaxation response
assuming a mediated stare in which the metabolism slows down and blood pressure lowers
mindfulness-based stress reduction
focuses on structured meditation to promote moment to moment nonjudgmental awareness to override auto ploiet
cognitive behavioural stress management
mulitmodel that combines relaxtion, visualization, restructing, reiforcement, and others to help cope w range of stressors
