Employees must work together for an organization to function correctly. what does that require?
Job: a group of related activities and duties with minimal overlap or repetition with other jobs (people stick to what they do and they don’t do something they don’t have to).
Position: specific duties and responsibilities performed by only one employee
Work: Tasks or activities that need to be completed
What is a duty
duties are broader and include related activities/tasks under a key responsibility area (managing a department which can include duties like overseeing teams, budgets, and performance)
what is an activity
a broader category of work that encompasses multiple related tasks. They represent general areas of responsibility within a job (providing customer service which includes tasks like answering inquiries, resolving complaints, and offering product information)
what is a task
a specific, measurable piece of work or action that is performed to complete an activity. Tasks are detailed steps (responding to emails, scheduling meetings)
what is a job analysis
obtaining information about jobs by determining the duties, tasks, or activities and the skills, knowledge, and abilities associated with the jobs
How can you preform a job analysis
individual interviews, questionnaires, diary/work logs, observations
What is a job description
a document that lists tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job to be performed along with the skills, knowledge, and abilities or competencies needed to perform the work
what are some problems of a job description
Becomes out of date quickly (may change mission, vision, and values. Technology is upgrading. Customers may want something else)
May not contain standards of performance
Poorly written, using vague rather than specific terms
May not address expected behaviours and can be the basis for conflict, including union grievances
how do you write a job description
Use concise, direct ,and simply worded statements
Use action oriented verbs and present tense
Job descriptions must match job requirements
Consider human rights legislation
Be transparent about performance criteria
what is job specification
the document that lists the qualifications, skills, experience, education, and personal attributes required to perform a specific job effectively
what is job design
The process of structuring or reorganizing a job to improve efficiency, performance, and employee satisfaction. It involves determining how tasks, responsibilities, and work processes should be organized to best meet the needs of the organization and its workers
what is the process of job analysis
Where you get information (employee, supervisor, online job profiles)
How you obtain job information (interviews, questionnaires, observations)
What job information is collected (tasks, duties, responsibilities, equipment used, job context, working conditions)
Where the information goes (written job description, job specification, duties and responsibilities)
How information is used (recruitment, performance management, training and development, health and safety)
what are the core job dimensions
Experiences meaningfulness of work (skill variety, task identity, task significance)
Experienced responsibility for work outcomes (autonomy: freedom to make decisions about how work is done)
Knowledge of results of work activities (Feedback: clear and actionable information about performance
what are some personal and work outcomes
high internal work motivation
high quality work performance
high job satisfaction
low absenteeism and turnover
