EPPP Statistics Wrong

Question 1

The t-test for dependent samples is used to analyze the data collected in a study involving 36 participants whose depressive symptoms are measured before and after receiving 12 sessions of therapy. The degrees of freedom for this study are_____.

Answer 1

35

Question 2

When reviewing the data collected from their study’s three treatment groups, a researcher discovers that the standard deviations of the three groups differ. If the researcher analyzes the data using the t-test for independent samples, is this a problem?

Answer 2

not likely to be a problem as long as the three groups have the same number of participants

Question 3

A researcher would use an ABAB design rather than an AB design in order to control which of the following threats to the study’s validity?

Answer 3

History

Question 4

A research participant’s score on the dependent variable is the amount of time (minutes) it took to complete a task. When assigning scores to participants, the researcher discovers that three of the 60 participants did not complete the task, and the researcher assigns them the maximum amount of time given to participants to work on the task. Which of the following is the best measure of central tendency for the data collected in this study?

Answer 4

Median (unaffected by extremes/ouliers)

Question 5

A researcher would use “counterbalancing” to _____.

Answer 5

control multiple treatment interference

involves administering the treatments (different levels of the IV) in different orders to different groups of participants

Question 6

“Sampling error” is

Answer 6

the tendency of sample statistics to vary from population parameters due to the effects of random error

Question 7

multiple-baseline design

Answer 7

treatment is sequentially applied to different baselines (i.e., to different behaviors, to the same behavior in different settings, or to the same behavior performed by different individuals)

Question 8

Which of the following behavioral observation techniques would be most useful for evaluating the extent to which a student remains on-task while the teacher is talking?

Answer 8

Interval recording (useful for behaviors without clear beginning or end)

Question 9

Trend analysis is a type of analysis of variance used when _____.

Answer 9

The independent variable is quantitative

Question 10

In a scatterplot, the correlation between two variables is equal or close to zero when _____.

Answer 10

the range of Y scores at each value of X is equal to the total range of Y scores

Question 11

To test the validity of a model that describes the causal relationships among a set of variables, you would use which of the following techniques?

Answer 11

Path analysis

Question 12

A teacher converts students’ raw scores on a 200-item test to percent correct scores. What scale of measurement do the converted scores represent?

Answer 12

Ratio

Question 13

The Central Limit Theorem predicts that the sampling distribution of means increasingly approaches a normal shape as ___

Answer 13

the sample size increases regardless of the shape of the distribution of scores in the population

Question 14

LISREL (linear structural relations analysis) would be the appropriate method of analysis if your causal model _____.

Answer 14

includes both measured (observed) attributes and latent traits

Question 15

The denominator term in the F-ratio is reduced in magnitude by _____.

Answer 15

decreasing within-group variability

Question 16

A researcher is conducting a study to evaluate the effects of a behavioral treatment for controlling severe, self-destructive behaviors. Which of the following single-subject designs would the researcher most likely use for ethical reasons?

Answer 16

Multiple baseline (no withdrawals)

Question 17

A psychologist uses a single-subject design to assess the impact of an educational intervention designed to increase on-task behavior. When conducting the study, the psychologist will measure the participant’s on-task behavior _____.

Answer 17

at regular intervals during the baseline and the treatment phases of the study

Question 18

Which of the following statistical tests would be most appropriate for analyzing the relationship between gender and Holland’s six occupational themes?

Answer 18

Multiple-sample chi-squared

Question 19

In which of the following studies would an investigator use the split-plot ANOVA to analyze the collected data?

Answer 19

A study in which each participant received only one level of Variable A but all levels of Variable B

Question 20

To statistically analyze rank-ordered data obtained from two correlated groups, you would use which of the following?

Answer 20

Wilcoxon

Question 21

Which of the following is the appropriate multivariate technique when using two or more continuous predictors to predict status on two or more continuous criteria?

Answer 21

Canonical correlation

Question 22

As a behavioral observation technique, event sampling (recording) is useful for behaviors that _____.

Answer 22

occur infrequently or have a long duration