ethics

Question 1

what are the 6 ethic guidelines ?

Answer 1

confidentiality
deception
informed consent
debrief
right to withdraw
protection from harm

Question 2

description of confidentiality

Answer 2

the participants results and any personal information should remain confidential . lack of confidentiality means that participants personal data has been exposed to the public without consent

Question 3

how to deal with confidentiality ?

Answer 3

simply record no personal details
refer to participants using numbers , letters or pseudonyms ( fake name )

Question 4

description of deception

Answer 4

deliberately misleading or withholding information from participants at any stage of the investigation
however there are occasions when deception can be okay if it does not cause the participant undue distress

Question 5

how to deal with deception

Answer 5

tell the participants of true aims and any other deception of the investigation in the debrief

Question 6

description for informed consent

Answer 6

researchers must attempt to get real consent from participants and this is only possible when participants fully understand what they are agreeing to do
when there is a lack of informed consent it means that participants have not been told enough about the study to make an informed decision whether to take part

Question 7

how to deal with lack of informed consent ?

Answer 7

presumptive consent - sample group is fully informed , including deception , and if they agree its acceptable its assumed others feel the same
prior general consent - researcher informed potential participants that study may involve deception
retrospective consent - participants are asked for their consent in the debriefing after they have taken part in the research

Question 8

what is the debrief ?

Answer 8

after doing an experiment the participants should be told why the experiment was conducted

Question 9

what should be included in the debrief ?

Answer 9

1) full aim / purpose of research
2) explanation of any deception
3) confidentiality assurance
4) right to withdraw
5) opportunity to ask questions
6) sign posting

Question 10

description of the right to withdraw

Answer 10

participants should be told that they have the right to withdraw from a study at any point
payment does not alter right to withdraw
when their is a lack of right to withdraw it means the participants may feel they cannot leave the study for some reason

Question 11

how to deal with right to withdraw

Answer 11

informed consent , remind participants they can leave during the study , debrief to remind them again

Question 12

description of protection from harm

Answer 12

participants should be protected from physical and psychological harm
they should not be exposed to any risk that they would not normally encounter in everyday life

Question 13

how to deal with protection from harm ?

Answer 13

participants should be reassured in the debrief that their behaviour is normal
participants should be signposted to counsellors if needed or any help they may need