Conjugated bonds
Double bonds separated by single bond
- what makes compounds able to absorb light
2 major complexes found in photosystems
1- light harvesting complexes
2- reaction centre complex
What is light harvesting complex made of
Many clorpohyll molecules attached to membrane spanning proteins
What is reaction centre complex made of
Protein complex that contains a special chlorophyll a molecule
What enzymes are used in glycolysis( and perhaps all of respiration)
Dehydrogenases: move high energy electrons to shuttle molecules
Kinases: move phosphate from molecule to molecule
Isomerases: rearrange atoms in a molecule
4 functions of Krebs Cycle
Oxidase Acetyl co a into co2
Synthesize ATP via substrate level phosphorylation
Move energy to high energy electrons
Replenish oxaloaxcetate so it can be used for next round of Krebs cycle
2 steps in oxidative phosphorylation
ETC and chemiosmosis
Why does FADH2 produce less ATP
Has lower energy electrons that start at complex 2. Instead of going through three protons pumps like NADH electrons, it only goes through two, thus pumping less protons into the inter membrane space.
Phosphofructokinase
Enzyme important early on in glycolysis
- used to regulate cellular respiration via feedback inhibition
- ATP inhibits PFK
-thus when PFK is active, respiration occurs, when it’s not, respiration stops
What inhibits PFK
-ATP- binds to PFK and inhibits its function
-ADP- binds to different site and increases activity
- Citrate- high concentration inhibits PFK
