What does inflict mean?
The term inflict has been given a wide interpretation by the courts and simply means to cause the harm.
For the defendant to have inflicted GBH does there need to be direct physical force?
The courts have held that there does not need to be direct physical force, and the defendant can still be liable if their actions cause the injury.
In what case was this illustrated?
This was confirmed in R v Martin, where the defendant caused panic in a theatre which resulted in people being injured while trying to escape.