definition of anorexia nervosa
eating disorder charecterised by extreme loss of weight and anxiety associated with food and weight gain
criteria for AN
anxiety - excessive fear of being overweight
weight - loss below 85% of normal weight
body image distortion - thinness is vital to self esteem
ammenorrhoea - absence of period for 3 months plus due to lack of nutrients
typical age of onsent is AN
16-17
mortality rate for AN
5.1 deaths per 1000 per year
why is anorexia more common in westernised cultures
diet culture
more common media use
ideal body shape is to be thin
what is the damaging paradox
media promotes a low weight sculptured body but also promotes high fat foods so people get heavier and the gap between the ideals and you gets bigger which creates anxiety confusion and distress
how does SLT apply to anorexia
attention - pay attention to skinny role model
retention - retain the image of the skinny role model using mental rehearsal
reproduction - try to become skinny like role model
motivation - intrinsic as you feel good about yourself and extrinsic as people comment on ur weight and give you attention
how does operant conditioning relate to anorexia
positive reinforcement - people praise you for loosing weight
negative reinforcement - loosing weight to avoid being ridiculed
Lai 2000 linked to anorexia
found that the rate of anorexia in chinese people increased as the country becomes more westernised
barlow and durand links to anorexia
found that over half of the contestant for miss america were more than 15% below body weight for their height
eysenck and flanagan - link to anorexia
whilst all women are exposed ti the media only 3-4% get an eating disorder
holland et al - link to anorexia
looked at 34 pairs of twins and the concordance rate was 56% in identical twins but 7% in non identical twins
freud psychodynamic approach link to anorexia
adolescents don’t want to move into their adult sexual role and separate from their child like frame so they become fixated on the oral stage so therefore do not eat. The approach also suggests that fatness is a symbol of pregnancy so people starve themselves as they believe it wont lead to pregnancy
what does holland et al study show in relation anorexia
there was more concordance in identical twins than non identical twins so it may be a biological inheritance of the condition
what study supports the learning explanation for anorexia
Bandura 1963 which found role models which were on tv were as effective as real life role models which shows the media will have an affect on AN
how does social learning explain anorexia
explains how gender differences of being a girl and be encouraged to be skinny and boys beung encouraged to be muscular may affect why girls are more likely to suffer from AN
what is a weakness in relation to learning theories and anorexia
everyone watches the same media so how can only 3-4% of people get anorexia
why are adolescents most likely to get anorexia
they are most likely to watch the media and are still young to not fully understand the media and how to process it
why does the learning approach not explain how elder generations suffer from anorexia
they do not watch the media as much so it may be explained by an alternative explanation
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week 1 and 2 key assumptions and animal ethics45
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week 3 - observations31
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week 4 pavlov25
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classical conditioning22
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phobias - flooding and systematic desensitisation41
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little albert20
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capafons18
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operant conditioning29
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social leanring thoery17
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bandura 196121
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bandura 196319
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bandura 196517
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individual differences8
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developmental19
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key question - anorexia19
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practical12
