Lecture 24

Question 1

What are the 6 methods of making crop plants?

Answer 1

wild

hybridization

spontaneous mutations and artificial selection

induced mutations and artificial selection

transgenic plants

targeted mutations with CRISPR

Question 2

What animal makes the GFP?

Answer 2

jellyfish

Question 3

Changing certain AA of a jellyfish changes what?

Answer 3

colour

Question 4

How are transgenic animals are made?

Answer 4

1) build the transgene (cDNA + promoter)
2) inject into a zygote
3) DNA repair enzymes insert it randomly into a chromosome
4) organism grows, expresses the transgene

Question 5

What is AquaBounty salmon? What is the purpose of this hormone?

(transgenic animal)

Answer 5

Atlantic salmon engineered with growth hormone gene from Chinook (pacific) salmon

purpose: grow faster, earlier maturity

Question 6

Why is E coli used for transgenes?

Answer 6

well studied
easy to manipulate genetically
easy to grow in large bioreactors

Question 7

How is transgenic human insulin made?

Answer 7

promoter from e coli gene and cDNA from human INS gene (encodes insulin)

correct pairing

used to treat diabetesmellitus

Question 8

How are blood clotting proteins made?

Answer 8

cDNA from human F8 gene
product: factor VIII protein

used to treat hemophilia A

Question 9

What are roundup ready crop plants?

Answer 9

have an AA synthesis enzyme from a soil bacterium that is resistant to the herbicide Roundup

plants survive roundup, weeds die, less labour needed