Midterm 2 Stuff That Needs More Work

Question 1

What are the 5 ways to make a crop plant? Give an example

Answer 1

hybridization - wheat

spontaneous mutations + artificial selection - corn, cabbage

Induced mutations + artificial selection - barley

transgenic plants - tomatoes, glofish, aquabounty farmed Atlantic salmon

targeted mutations with CRISPR

Question 2

For a dihybrid self cross A/a . B/b cross A/a . B/b, the expected phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1. If not…

Answer 2

gene interaction

Question 3

For a dihybrid test cross A/a . B/b cross a/a . b/b, the phenotypic ratio is 1:1:1:1. If not…

Answer 3

genes are on same chromosome

Question 4

the p allele causes what bp sub?

Answer 4

GC to AT sub at splice site, intron cannot be removed due to mutation, pea flower remains colourless (no anthocyanin) IF there is low enzyme activity

for most enzymes, 50% amount (or activity) is sufficient for WT phenotype because P allele is completely dominant to p allele

Question 5

What is pleiotropy?

Answer 5

one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits (such as anthocyanin)

Question 6

H antigen and what makes A antigen?

Answer 6

N-acetylglucosamine (and IA makes A-transferase)

Question 7

H antigen and what makes B antigen?