Lipids

Question 1

Are lipids organic?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Examples of lipids

Answer 2

Fats, oil, waxes

Question 3

Bond on lipids

Answer 3

Non-polar covalent bonds
Not soluble in water

Question 4

Lipids contain __ elements

Answer 4

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (not in 1:2:1) ratio
Much higher ratio of C and H atoms

Question 5

What are the 2 building blocks of lipids

Answer 5

Fatty acides and glycerol

Question 6

What is the structure of lipid

Answer 6

-One molecule of glycerol and three fatty acid tails that are connected by a ester bond
-Fatty acids have a carboxyl group at one end

Question 7

Saturated vs unsaturated

Answer 7

-Saturated fat has no carbon-carbon double bond
-Unstaturated fat have at least ONE carbon-carbon double bond

Question 8

What is the property of saturated fats

Answer 8

Solid at room temperature (butter, lard, shortening)

Question 9

What is the property of unsaturated fats

Answer 9

Liquid at room temperature (olive and vegetable oil)

Question 10

What are triglycerides

Answer 10

A type of lipid that our body uses for energy and stores in fat cells
We get them from our diet

Question 11

What are phospholipids

Answer 11

-Only 2 fatty tails attached to a molecule of glycerol
-A structural component of membrane in cells
-Lipid helps form a barrier between inside and outside of the cell

Question 12

What are waxes

Answer 12

Waxes are a waterproof and protective coatings on outer surfaces. Provide covering for fruits, leaves, exoskeletons, feathers.

Question 13

Use of lipids

Answer 13

1. Store energy
2. Important part of cell membrane
3. Waterproof covering
4. Cushion and insulate the internal organs

Question 14

Where does energy come from in lipids?

Answer 14

Carbon-Carbon bonds

Question 15

What is an amphoteric molecule?

Answer 15

An example is a phospholipid (has a hydrophilic head and 2 hydrophobic tail)

Question 16

What is an example of phospholipids

Answer 16

Micellular water

Question 17

Why are lipids waterproof

Answer 17

They are non-polar with no charges to attract polar water charges

Question 18

How is a fatty acid recognised

Answer 18

Fatty acid is recognised by its carboxyl group

Question 19

What is a polymer of a lipid

Answer 19

lipids do not have a polymer

Question 20

Saturated fats are..

Answer 20

sticky
solid
stacked

Question 21

How does phospholipid function inside cell?

Answer 21

The phospholipid forms clumps where the head and tail float near each other but do not touch
Membrane between the tails is a gooey oil layer

Question 22

What is a cholesterol

Answer 22

A lipid that holds tails together
recongnized by its 4 carbon rings