Proteins

Question 1

Proteins contain (which elements)

Answer 1

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen

Question 2

What are the building blocks/ monomers of proteins

Answer 2

Amino acids (20 different kinds)

Question 3

What is the basic structure of an amino acids

Answer 3

Contain a central carbon atom covalent boned to other atom or functional group
1.A carboxyl group (—COOH)

2.An amino group (—NH2)

3.One single hydrogen

4. An “R” group which is different on every single amino acid.

Question 4

What differs in amino acids

Answer 4

The R groups are different
It gives proteins different shape
Allows proteins to carry out different functions

Question 5

Amino acids are linked in _____

Answer 5

Dehydration synthesis/condenstion reaction

Question 6

What is the bond that formed between 2 amino acids?

Answer 6

An covalent bond called PEPTIDE BOND

Question 7

How is a peptide bond linked

Answer 7

It links the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of the other amino acid

Question 8

What is a dipeptide

Answer 8

Two amino acids joined by a peptide bond

Question 9

What determines the protein that is made and it’s function?

Answer 9

The sequence of amino acids

Question 10

What is polypeptide

Answer 10

A long chain of amino acids joined together by peptide bon

Question 11

A functional protein can consist of….

Answer 11

More polypeptides twisted, folded and coiled into a molecule of unique shape

Question 12

True or false: each protein has a unique 3-d shape

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

What does protein depend on?

Answer 13

It’s specific shape and ability to recognise and bind to other molecules

Question 14

What are the use of proteins?

Answer 14

1.Enzyme
2.Hormons
3.Transport
4.Contractile
5.Antibodies
6.Membrane proteins
7.Structural proteins

Question 15

What are some problems with proteins

Answer 15

-Our immune system detects and attacks specific allergens (food allergens are caused by immune system)

Question 16

How do we get essential amino acids

Answer 16

We get from our diet (plant protein are “complete combo”)
Corn + beans
Rice+ soybeans

Question 17

Where are hydrophilic/charged proteins found

Answer 17

Found on outside of the polypeptide

Question 18

What are the 4 protein structure

Answer 18

1. Primary
   2.Secondary
   3.Tertiary
   4.Quanternary

Question 19

What is primary structure

Answer 19

-“beads on a string”
-Order that the sequence synthesis into ribosome
-Sequence is important to structure, function

Question 20

What is secondary structure

Answer 20

-Hydrogen bond can form alpha helices or beta pleated sheets
-Backbone has N-C-C repeated sequence

Question 21

Alpha vs beta protein

Answer 21

Secondary structure: Alpha has intramolecular bonds when hydrogen is closer together
Beta pleated sheets happen when hydrogen are more spread out

Question 22

What is tertiary structure

Answer 22

-Whole molecule folding
-Forms gobbler shape because HYDROPHOBIC portion goes into centre +polar part goes outside-polypeptide fold with vanderwaal forces, h bonds, ionic or covalent bonds

Question 23

What is quaternary bonds

Answer 23

-Some protein are made up of more than 1 polypeptide chain
-chains held together with bonds between R groups
-Some proteins have up to 18 subunits

Question 24

What is the backbone of an amino acid

Answer 24

N-C-C

Question 25

What is denature

Answer 25

Denaturing of protein is when the breaking of bonds in the protein changes the protein shape which damages it