Liver - Part 6

Question 1

Hemangioendothelioma

Answer 1

Infantile hemangioma

Question 2

What is the most common symptomatic vascular tumour in infancy?

Answer 2

Hemangioendothelioma

Question 3

What are the clinical findings of hemangioendothelioma?

Answer 3

Abdominal mass

Question 4

What is the US appearance of hemangioendothelioma? (4)

Answer 4

1. Multiple hypoechoic lesions
2. Size varies from 1cm-3cm
3. Multiple peripheral vessels
4. Large draining veins with dilated proximal abdominal aorta with AV shunting

Question 5

Hemochromatosis

Answer 5

Rare disease characterized by excess iron deposits throughout the body

Question 6

What may hemochromatosis cause?

Answer 6

Cirrhosis

Question 7

What are the clinical findings of hemochromatosis? (4)

Answer 7

1. Fatigue
2. Shortness of breath
3. Heart palpitations
4. Chronic abdominal
   pain

Question 8

What is the US appearance of hemochromatosis? (2)

Answer 8

1. Hepatomegaly
2. Uniform increase in
   parenchymal echogenicity

Question 9

Mesenchymal hamartoma

Answer 9

Rare lesion occurring in children less than 2 years of age

Question 10

What are the clinical findings of mesenchymal hamartoma? (2)

Answer 10

1. Developmental unencapsulated cystic tumour

2. Disordered arrangement of bile ducts, hepatic parenchyma, and primitive mesoderm

Question 11

What is the US appearance for mesenchymal hamartoma? (5)

Answer 11

1. Diffuse abdominal distention
2. Palpable abdominal mass
3. Well-defined large complex mass
4. Predominently anechoic
5. Lace-like configuration

Question 12

What are the causes of hemangiosarcoma?

Answer 12

Exposure to arsenic, polyvinyl, and thorotrast

Question 13

What are the clinical findings of hemangiosarcoma? (3)

Answer 13

1. Abdominal pain
2. Loss of appetite
3. Lethargy

Question 14

What is the US appearance of hemangiosarcoma? (5)

Answer 14

1. Heterogeneous
2. Hyper echoic mass
3. Cystic mass with internal septation
4. Metastatic lesions to the portal vein, spleen, lungs, lymph nodes, thyroid, and peritoneal cavity
5. Internal blood flow

Question 15

What kind of tumour is hepatoblastoma?

Answer 15

Germ cell tumour

Question 16

What is the most common malignant tumour in children 3 years old or less?

Answer 16

Hepatoblastoma

Question 17

What are the clinical findings for hepatoblastoma? (5)

Answer 17

1. Abdominal distention
2. Nausea/vomiting
3. Weight loss
4. Precocious puberty
5. Marked elevation of AFP

Question 18

What is the US appearance for hepatoblastoma? (4)

Answer 18

1. Heterogeneous
2. Hyperechoic mass
3. Cystic mass with internal septations
4. Low resistance internal arterial flow