KaBoom > Urinary System - Part 6 > Flashcards

Urinary System - Part 6 Flashcards

(31 cards)

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1
Q

What is found in over 50% of patients over the age of 55?

A

Simple cysts

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2
Q

What are the clinical findings of a simple cyst?

A

Asymptomatic

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3
Q

What is the US appearance for a simple cyst? (4)

A
  1. Anechoic mass
  2. Hyper echoic thin walls
  3. Smooth margins
  4. Posterior acoustic
    enhancement
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4
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for a simple cyst?

A
  1. Liver cyst

2. Adrenal cyst

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5
Q

Where does a parapelvic cyst originate from?

A

Renal parenchyma

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6
Q

What are the clinical findings for a parapelvic cyst? (3)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Hypertension
  3. Hematuria
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7
Q

What is the US appearance for a parapelvic cyst? (4)

A
  1. Anechoic mass located in the renal hilum
  2. Hyper echoic thin walls
  3. Smooth margins
  4. Posterior acoustic
    enhancement
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8
Q

What are 4 differential diagnosis for a parapelvic cyst?

A
  1. Hydronephrosis
  2. Renal vein
  3. Extrarenal pelvis
  4. Renal artery aneurysm
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9
Q

Does a parapelvic cyst communicate with the collecting system?

A

No

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10
Q

Where does a peripelvic cyst develop from? (2)

A
  1. Lymphatic system

2. An obstruction

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11
Q

What are the clinical findings of a peripelvic cyst?

A

Asymptomatic

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12
Q

What is the US appearance of a peripelvic cyst? (4)

A
  1. Anechoic mass located near or around the renal pelvis
  2. Hyper echoic thin walls
  3. Smooth margins
  4. Posterior acoustic
    enhancement
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13
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for a peripelvic cyst?

A
  1. Prominent renal pyramid

2. Localized hydronephrosis

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14
Q

Where is adult polycystic kidney disease caused from?

A

Inherited disorder

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15
Q

Adult polycystic kidney disease

A

Normal renal parenchyma is

replaced with cysts

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16
Q

What does adult polycystic kidney disease increase the incidence of? (2)

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A
  1. Renal calculi

2. Infection

17
Q

What are the clinical findings of adult polycystic kidney disease? (7)

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A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Palpable abdominal mass
  3. Hypertension
  4. Hematuria
  5. Colicky pain
  6. Elevated BUN and
    creatinine
  7. Renal failure
18
Q

What is the US appearance for adult polycystic kidney disease? (5)

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A
  1. Bilateral disease
  2. Multiple cysts
  3. Irregular margins
  4. Normal renal parenchyma
    may not be visualized 5. Associated cysts in liver, pancreas, and spleen
19
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for adult polycystic kidney disease?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Multiple simple cysts

2. Hydronephrosis

20
Q

What is the cause of a childhood polycystic kidney disease?

Study These Flashcards
A

Inherited disorder

21
Q

What are the clinical findings for childhood polycystic kidney disease? (5)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Palpable abdominal mass
  2. Hypertension
  3. Hematuria
  4. Colicky pain
  5. Renal failure
22
Q

What is the US appearance for childhood polycystic kidney disease? (2)

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A
  1. Bilateral disease

2. Hyper echoic enlarged kidneys

23
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for childhood polycystic kidney disease?

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A
  1. Chronic renal failure

2. Renal sinus lipomatosis

24
Q

Which kidney is more commonly affected with multicystic dysplasia?

25
What kind of disorder is multicystic dysplasia?
Noninherited disorder
26
What is the cause of multicystic dysplasia?
Urinary obstruction in early embryology
27
Is multicystic dysplasia more common in males or females?
Males
28
Who is more likely to develop multicystic dysplasia?
Infants of diabetic mothers
29
What are the clinical findings for multicystic dysplasia? (4)
1. Asymptomatic 2. Palpable abdominal mass 3. Flank pain 4. Hypertension
30
What is the US appearance for multicystic dysplasia? (4)
1. Unilateral disease 2. Numerous cysts of variable shape and size 3. Associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and malrotation 4. Normal renal parenchyma may not be visualized
31
What are 2 differential diagnosis for multicystic dysplasia?
1. Multiple simple cysts | 2. Hydronephrosis
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