What is a positive sport environment?
A: An environment where athletes feel supported, derive enjoyment, and gain satisfaction from participation.
According to Kornspan (2009), what are the four components of creating a positive sport environment?
A: Coaching philosophy, leadership style, communication, and motivation.
What shapes a coach’s philosophy?
A: Previous/current experiences, external influences (family, peers, other coaches), personal beliefs, and acquired knowledge.
What is the key focus of a strong coaching philosophy?
A: Process over outcome, and focusing on controllable factors.
What leadership style supports a positive sport environment?
A: Cooperative style – guiding athletes, listening, and involving them in decisions.
What are the features of positive communication in coaching?
A: Encouragement and instructional feedback (not criticism), focus on behaviours not the person, supportive/blame-free messages, empathic listening, congruent nonverbals, tailored messages.
What is extrinsic motivation in sport?
A: Driven by external rewards/recognition (e.g., trophies, money, praise).
What is intrinsic motivation in sport?
A: Driven by internal rewards such as enjoyment, satisfaction, and personal goal achievement.
How can intrinsic motivation be enhanced according to Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000)?
A: By promoting autonomy, competence, and connection.
What strategies can coaches use to foster connection and belonging among athletes?
A: Celebrate achievements, create supportive environments, practice inclusivity, organize social events, and establish team traditions.
How can coaches nurture character development in athletes?
A: Model values, teach sportsmanship, guide ethical choices, emphasize effort, encourage community service, promote empathy, integrity, accountability, and reflection.
