phys ed part 7

Question 1

calculate BMI
(body mass index)

Answer 1

BMI= weight(kg)/height(m)^2

Question 2

Limitations of BMI

Answer 2

-does not account for weight distribution
-inaccurate high muscle density
-omits important health info

Question 3

positive caloric balance

Answer 3

a state where caloric intake is greater than caloric use by the body

Question 4

thermic effect of food

Answer 4

amount of energy necessary to digest, absorb, and transport the food

Question 5

How does sleep affect obesity?

Answer 5

Not getting enough can throw the body’s hormones out of balance, predisposing it to weight gain.

Question 6

What role do genetics play in obesity?

Answer 6

Genetics can predispose individuals to obesity, as obesity tends to run in families.
-genes influence fat absorption, burning rate, and storage.

Question 7

Identify uncontrollable factors that may lead to obesity.

Answer 7

-genetics
-medical conditions limiting mobility (ex, arthritis)
-important/life-saving medication
-pregnancy

Question 8

three main body types

Answer 8

-ectomorph
-mesomorph
-endomorph

Question 9

ectomorph

Answer 9

an individual with long, lean muscles, low fat storage, and an inability to gain weight or muscle mass
(risk for heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure, and diabetes)

Question 10

mesomorph

Answer 10

muscular body, wide shoulders, narrow hips, moderate bone mass, low fat levels
(most athletic body type)

Question 11

endomorph

Answer 11

round body shape, low muscle mass, short limbs, high predisposition for fat accumulation, and a large head

Question 12

somatotype

Answer 12

classification of three body types based on physical characteristics and disease predisposition.

Question 13

How is obesity defined in men and women based on the percentage of total body fat?

Answer 13

men: 25% bf
women: 33% bf

Question 14

what method uses calipers to measure body fat?

Answer 14

skinfold measurements
(Skin thickness gives an estimation of fat percentage when assessed at various locations.)

Question 15

bioelectrical impedance analysis

Answer 15

A technique that estimates body fat percentage by sending a small electrical current through the body
(current travels preferentially through fat-free tissue)

Question 16

How does hydrometric weighing measure body fat percentage?

Answer 16

by comparing a person’s weight underwater to their weight on land

Question 17

Ghrelin is a hormone that makes a person feel__

Answer 17

hungry

Question 18

Leptin is a hormone that makes a person feel__

Answer 18

full

Question 19

What are three energy-yielding nutrients?

Answer 19

-carbohydrates
-proteins
-fats