Pneumothorax

Question 1

What are the criteria for diagnosis of a pneumothorax?

Answer 1

• Air (black) in pleural space - Recognition of atelectatic lung - Shift of mediastinum to the opposite side - Deep sulcus sign

Question 2

Identify A trhough F

Answer 2

• Air (black) in pleural space. No lung markings in pleural space (A).
• Atelectatic lung (lung margin): The lung recoils to resting state as the negative pressure in pleura is lost (relaxation atelectasis) (B).

Shift of mediastinum (D) to opposite side.

Deep sulcus sign (C).

Opposite lung (E): The vascular markings are prominent.

Larger hemithorax compared to opposite side. Hemithorax is in TLC position due to loss of negative pressure in the pleural space. (F)

Question 3

What is the best way to determine the presence of tension in a pneumothorax?

Answer 3

Presence or absence of tension in a pneumothorax is best determined by hemodynamic parameters.

Question 4

What are the common signs of a tension pneumothorax?

Answer 4

Falling BP and tachycardia are the most important signs of tension in a pneumothorax