Question And Answers

Question 1

What are things that are checked during a port sate inspection

Answer 1

Check certificate and document are up to date
Check condition and hygiene of the ship ( bridge, accommodation, galley, eng room, decks)
Ensuring that any deficiencies found during previous inspections have been rectified

PSC have the power to detain the vessel until the deficiencies have been rectified

Question 2

What types of maintenance are there?

Answer 2

Preventive or scheduled maintenance:

(PMS) the maintenance is carried out by running intervals or calendar intervals regardless of the systems condition (good or bad)

Corrective or breakdown maintenance:

In the event of a breakdown not a suitable this could occur during a critical operation or the system may be required during an emergency situation

Condition based maintenance:

The machinery and part are regularly checked with the help of (sensors,monitors, water and oil analysis) identifying trends through graphs and tables maintenance is done according to performance and running operation

Question 3

What is fretting? Signs of fretting?

Answer 3

What: Fretting is a type of wear and damage that occurs between 2 metal surfaces load and vibrations cause micro slip (vibrations) causing the steel components sefaces to be removed causing steel surface to contact and oxidise

Signs: reddish brown dust, loose holding down bolts, cracked chocks, excess vibration and noises, misalignment of the machinery, polished worn surfaces, oil seepage between bed plate and foundation.

Question 4

What is the porpose of a mixing column?

Answer 4

Mixes the fuel return with the fuel supply

Smooth fuel changeovers gradually blending both fuels

Removes air trapped in the pipping

Stabilises the temperature and viscosity fluctuations

Question 5

What are ships made of?

Answer 5

Mild steel 0.15 to 0.23% carbon

Question 6

What equipment is used to test for toxic gases for example gases and vapours?

Answer 6

Drager tubés

Question 7

Sewage treatment plan gases when transition from aérobic to Anarobic

Answer 7

Hydrogène sulphyde, méthane, ammonia

Question 8

Why do se use VIT?

Answer 8

Reduce SFOC
Lower émissions NOX
Improved combustion efficiency

Question 9

As a 2nd eng how are you going to ensure your team minimises the risk of a fire ?

Answer 9

Maintain high housekeeping standards
Follow through with PMS
Report machinery malfunctions and leaks
Regular fire drills, saftey briefing
Use Hot work permits
Regular inspection on fire détection and extigushment systems

Question 10

Porpose of a star delta wiring for an induction motor

Answer 10

This is to reduce the inrush current during start up of the motor as when the motor is in star configuration, the line voltage across each winding is 58% of the full voltage this reduces starting currents to 1/3 and lowers starting torque

Question 11

What is metacentric height ?

Answer 11

GM=KM-KG It is the distance between the centre of gravity and the metacenter.

Incline test

Vessel must be in deep calm waters
Tanks full or empty
Vessel is inclined with shifting weighted solid blocks that cannot absorb water
Use a pendulums used to measure incline
The weights are strategically placed and secured in set positions ( record there weight and location)
5 to 6 freeboard or draft reading are taken to establish to get an accurate displacement from the hydrostatic tables

(Tan@ =Deflection/ length of pendulum)

Question 12

Why do big end bolts fail? Why do they have oblique cut con rod and serrations?

Answer 12

Fatigue failure do to cyclic loading every engine revolution

Other reasons:
bearing failure lubricating problems
Crank and con rod misalignment
Overloading knocking

Oblique cut ?

Better load distribution
Less stress on bolts
Self alignment
Stronger

Question 13

Turbo charger surging reasons

Answer 13

Hull fouling moving operating line closer to surging line
Sudden load change
Fouled turbine or compressor wheel

Question 14

Star air system safteys

Answer 14

NRV receiver
Flame trap
Turnin gear interlock
Pressure relief valves manifold and receiver
Fusible plug receiver
Drain on manifold and receivers

Question 15

What are you checking for fuel?

Answer 15

CCAI calculated carbon aromatic index 800/870 for HFO
Calculated cetaine index for diesel
Sodium 1 and vanadium 3 content for hot corrosion 3 to 1
Aluminium and silicon content for abrasion
Water content
Sulfur content
Viscosity 50 degrees
Density 15 degrees

Question 16

PID Controller?

Answer 16

A PID allows for an automatic control system to achieve a desired value or set point accurately, quickly and reach a steady state.

Example: JCW system

Proportional : proportional to the output error (offset) PRESENT
Integral : removes the error PASSED
Derivertive : speed response FUTURE

Question 17

ME bearing clearances

Answer 17

Cross head pin (feeler gauge)
Cross head pin Thrust plate clearances (feeler gauge)
Guide shoe and guide stop clearances (feeler gauge)
Con rod and cross head clearneces FWD and AFT (feeler gauge)
Main bearing clearances (feeler gauge or depth gauge)