causes of the reformation
- German princes challenged authority of catholic HRE
- wealthy (indulgences) and peasants (inflation) mad
- corruption in church
- individualism emphasis instead of priests
- attacks by Turks and french on HRE
- rise of capitalistic spirit that emphasizes personal restraint and pursuit of wealth
lutheran beliefs
- authority of scripture alone
- priesthood of all believers
- church should be subordinated to the state (unlike Calvinism)
characteristics of reformation
-bible translated into vernacular (Luther’s German bible, book of common prayer)
jesuits
focused on education, fought protest ism
anabaptists
attempted to create a perfect christian community
- brutally suppressed by Catholics and protestants
- adult baptism
- wanted separation of state and church
Jan hus
- burned at the stake
- “house burned”
Zwingli
challenges transubstantiation (zucchini refuses to be transformed) -crack in protestant uniformity
diet of worms
- Luther summoned
- supposed to defend, but throws it in their faces and says that he does not accept the authority of popes
Schmalkadic league
German protestant alliances against Charles V and roman Catholics (malt of German princes and Charles V)
Act of supremacy
Anglican church established in England
peace of Augsburg
- excludes Calvinists and Anabaptist
- victory to Lutherans
- weakens HRE
- he who rules , his will be the religion
college of propaganda
established to propagate faith for Catholics
peasants war
people should have obedience to authority
outcomes of reformation
- encourages growth of capitalism by emphasis on thrift, sobriety, search for material success as a sign of God, moral discipline, individualism
- women seen as the temptress instead of the Virgin
- overthrow of Latin Vulgate. now German and English languages (book of common prayer)
- confiscation of church and monastic lands enriches rulers and elites
gallican church
France and Spain have tighter control of catholic church
-reformation
vulgate
Latin
church book thingy
thomas munzer
“left wing” Anabaptist
-wanted the overthrow of existing political and social order
