scientific method

Question 1

experimental results are often published in

Answer 1

scientific journals
magazines
World Wide Web

Question 2

placebo

Answer 2

harmless, tasteless pill given to patients in an experimental group. neither the tester or the subjects are aware who receives.

Question 3

double blind testing

Answer 3

neither the tester or the subject being tested should know who receives the placebo

Question 4

theory

Answer 4

a hypothesis that has been supported by many different experiements

Question 5

principle/law

Answer 5

arises from a theory that has been shown to be valid when fully tested over a long period of time

Question 6

control

Answer 6

used to provide a comparison against which the actual experiment can be judged

Question 7

order of scientific method

Answer 7

1. Observation
2. Hypothesis
3. experimentation
4. collection and interpretation of data
5. conclusion
6. relating conclusion to existing knowledge
7. reporting/publishing results

Question 8

hypothesis

Answer 8

educated guess based on observations

Question 9

what is an observation

Answer 9

when something is noticed

Question 10

what is an experiment for

Answer 10

to test a hypothesis

Question 11

Data

Answer 11

measurements, observations or information gathered from experiments

Question 12

conclusion

Answer 12

summary of results

Question 13

why are results published

Answer 13

so they can be examined and analysed by others

Question 14

ethics

Answer 14

whether something is right or wrong

Question 15

principles of experimentation

Answer 15

careful planning and design
safe
design a control experiment

Question 16

control

Answer 16

used to provide a comparison against which the actual experiment can be judged

Question 17

limitations of scientific method

Answer 17

1. Lack of basic knowledge
2. Design of experiment
3. Interpretation of results
4. Changes in the natural world
5. Accidental discovery

Question 18

replicate

Answer 18

repeat of an experiment

Question 19

how does random selection ensure a fair experiment

Answer 19

to avoid bias - ensure experiment applies to all the population and make it fair

Question 20

how does replication ensure a fair experiment

Answer 20

verify your results - show results are always true and not cause some unknown influence

Question 21

how does a larger sample size ensure a fair experiment

Answer 21

ensure the results were not only representative of a small amount of organisms

Question 22

how does double blind testing ensure a fair experiment

Answer 22

tester cannot influence the experiment consciously or unconsciously

Question 23

how does a placebo ensure a fair experiment

Answer 23

avoid bias

Question 24

what is the purpose of the coverslip

Answer 24

protect the objective lens

Question 25

why must the onion piece be very thin when observing the cell

Answer 25

to allow light to pass through the specimen to see a clearer image

Question 26

what does semi permeable mean

Answer 26

allow for some substances to pass in and out of the cell membrane but not everything

Question 27

what is the function of calcium for plants

Answer 27

good cell all strength

Question 28

name 2 possible processed that occur in the cell membrane

Answer 28

diffusion and osmosis

Question 29

name organelles that contain genetic material

Answer 29

nucleus, ribosomes, chlorplasts, mitochondria

Question 30

what term is used to describe organisms with a nucleus

Answer 30

eukaryotic

Question 31

what is usually found in the cytoplasm of a plant cell

Answer 31

cell organelles

Question 32

what stain do you use for viewing plant cells on the slide

Answer 32

iodine

Question 33

where in a cell would you expect to see phospholipids

Answer 33

cell membrane

Question 34

the liquid in which chemical reactions in the cell take place is the

Answer 34

cytoplasm

Question 35

it is recommended to not use the coarse focus wheel when examining a specimen under high power. why?

Answer 35

it does not bring the image into great detail

Question 36

how do you prepare a stained plant cell for examination under the microscope

Answer 36

use a mounting needle to lower the coverslip onto the layer of onion at a 45 degree angry to prevent air bubbles

Question 37

what are the coiled thread like structures that might be found in the nucleus

Answer 37

chromatin