variation and evolution

Question 1

Variation

Answer 1

differences between members of the same species

Question 2

acquired variation is from

Answer 2

environment

Question 3

inherited variation is from

Answer 3

mutations
sexual reproduction

Question 4

mutation

Answer 4

changes in the amount or structure of DNA

Question 5

2 types of mutation

Answer 5

gene mutation
chromosome mutation

Question 6

gene mutation

Answer 6

one single gene is changed
incorrect base sequence produced
leads to the production of incorrect amino acid

Question 7

examples of gene mutation x3

Answer 7

albinism
cystic fibrosis
haemophilia

Question 8

chromosome mutation

Answer 8

changes in the structure of a chromosome of in the number of chromosomese

Question 9

example of chromosome mutation

Answer 9

Down syndrome

Question 10

evolution

Answer 10

the way in which living things change genetically to produce new forms of life over a long time

Question 11

2 scientists involved with evolution and natural selection

Answer 11

Charles Darwin
alfred russel wallace

Question 12

causes of mutation

Answer 12

spontaneous
mutagens

Question 13

examples of mutagens

Answer 13

ionising radiation
uv light
xray

Question 14

how does spontaneous (natural) mutation occur

Answer 14

DNA replication does not occur properly or DNA fails to repair properly

Question 15

natural selection

Answer 15

enables organisms to adapt better to their environment to survive and reproduce

Question 16

species

Answer 16

group of similar organisms that are capable of naturally interbreeding to produce fertile offspring

Question 17

points about natural selection

Answer 17

survival of the fittest
there is struggle for existence –> individuals with better variations survive
more offspring is produced than can survive

Question 18

evidence of natural selection

Answer 18

fossils - show changes in structure over time
anatomy - horses have gotten larger due to selective breeding

Question 19

evidence of evolution

Answer 19

paleontology = the study of fossils
carbon dating = allows us to construct a time scale of a species
fossil discovery = show variation to modern organisms