La Osa Loca > Synonyms - Differentiation > Flashcards

Synonyms - Differentiation Flashcards

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1
Q

inner ear / hearing faculty

A

OÍDO | ‘Tiene buen oído’ = good ear for music. Not oreja — that’s the external ear you can see.

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2
Q

external ear (visible)

A

OREJA | The ear you can touch and see. ‘Me duele la oreja’ = my ear hurts. Oído = inner ear/hearing.

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3
Q

identical twins

A

GEMELOS/AS | From the same egg — they look the same. MELLIZOS = fraternal twins from different eggs.

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4
Q

fraternal twins

A

MELLIZOS/AS | Different eggs, may look different. GEMELOS = identical twins. English ‘twins’ doesn’t distinguish.

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5
Q

horned owl (with ear tufts)

A

BÚHO | Has visible ear tufts. LECHUZA = barn owl without tufts. ‘Ser un búho’ = night owl (idiom, either word).

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6
Q

barn owl / round-faced owl

A

LECHUZA | No ear tufts, round face. BÚHO = horned owl with tufts.

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7
Q

to taste (of something)

A

SABER | ‘¿A qué sabe?’ = what does it taste like? ‘Sabe rico’ = it tastes good. Same verb as ‘to know facts’.

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8
Q

to know a person/place (through experience)

A

CONOCER | ‘Conozco Buenos Aires’ = I know Buenos Aires (I’ve been there). SABER = to know facts.

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9
Q

to know facts / how to do something

A

SABER | ‘Sé hablar español’ = I know how to speak Spanish. CONOCER = experiential knowing.

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10
Q

to listen (actively)

A

ESCUCHAR | Active, attentive listening. OÍR = to hear passively. ‘Escuchame’ = listen to me.

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11
Q

to hear (passively)

A

OÍR | Sound reaches the ear without effort. ESCUCHAR = active listening. ‘Oigo un ruido’ = I hear a noise.

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12
Q

to look at / watch (actively)

A

MIRAR | Actively directing your gaze. VER = to see passively. ‘Mirá esto’ = look at this.

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13
Q

to see (passively)

A

VER | Image reaches the eye. MIRAR = active looking. ‘Ya veo’ = I see / I understand.

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14
Q

to take / carry (away from speaker)

A

LLEVAR | Taking something with you as you go. TRAER = bringing toward speaker. ‘¿Llevás paraguas?’ = taking an umbrella?

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15
Q

to bring (toward speaker)

A

TRAER | Bringing something to where the speaker is. LLEVAR = taking away. ‘Traeme agua’ = bring me water.

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16
Q

to ask for / request something

A

PEDIR | Requesting an object or action. PREGUNTAR = asking a question. ‘Pedí la cuenta’ = asked for the bill.

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17
Q

to ask a question

A

PREGUNTAR | Asking for information. PEDIR = requesting something. Never use pedir for questions.

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18
Q

interior corner (inside a room)

A

RINCÓN | Inside corners only. ESQUINA = exterior/street corner. ‘En el rincón del cuarto’ = in the room’s corner.

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19
Q

street corner / exterior corner

A

ESQUINA | Outside corners, street intersections. RINCÓN = interior corner. ‘En la esquina’ = at the corner.

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20
Q

to leave something behind

A

DEJAR | Leaving an object somewhere. SALIR = to leave a place. ‘Dejé las llaves’ = I left the keys.

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21
Q

to leave a place / go out

A

SALIR | Departing from somewhere. DEJAR = leaving something behind. ‘Salgo a las ocho’ = I leave at eight.

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22
Q

to remember

A

ACORDARSE DE | Reflexive — most natural in Rioplatense speech. ‘No me acuerdo’ = I don’t remember. RECORDAR also used.

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23
Q

to remind / to remember

A

RECORDAR | Can mean both to remember and to remind someone. ‘Recordame llamar’ = remind me to call.

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24
Q

last (most recent / final in series)

A

ÚLTIMO/A | ‘El último libro’ = the last book. PASADO = last (time). Never ‘la última semana’ for last week.

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25
last (time — last week/year)
PASADO/A | 'La semana pasada, el año pasado' = last week, last year. ÚLTIMO = last in a series.
26
almost
CASI | 'Casi llegué tarde' = I almost arrived late. APENAS = barely (opposite end of spectrum).
27
barely / hardly
APENAS | 'Apenas habla español' = she barely speaks Spanish. CASI = almost. Also means 'as soon as'.
28
to miss (a person or place)
EXTRAÑAR | 'Te extraño' = I miss you. Also means 'to find strange' — context clarifies.
29
to be missing / needed
FALTAR | Works like gustar. 'Me falta práctica' = I need more practice / practice is lacking to me.
30
to play (a sport or game)
JUGAR | 'Jugar al fútbol' = to play football. TOCAR = to play an instrument. Never interchange these.
31
to play (an instrument)
TOCAR | 'Toca la guitarra' = plays guitar. JUGAR = to play games/sports. Also: to touch, to be one's turn.
32
to fit / suit (clothing)
QUEDAR | '¿Cómo me queda?' = how does it look on me? 'Te queda bien' = it suits you. Different from other quedar meanings.
33
as soon as
APENAS / EN CUANTO / TAN PRONTO COMO | All mean 'as soon as' but apenas is most concise. All trigger subjunctive with future reference.
34
oído
inner ear / the faculty of hearing | 'Tiene buen oído' = good ear for music. OREJA = the external visible ear.
35
oreja
external ear (the one you can see and touch) | 'Me duele la oreja' = my ear hurts. OÍDO = inner ear/hearing faculty.
36
gemelos/as
identical twins (from same egg) | MELLIZOS = fraternal twins (different eggs). Gemelos look the same, mellizos may not.
37
mellizos/as
fraternal twins (from different eggs) | GEMELOS = identical twins. English 'twins' covers both — Spanish distinguishes.
38
búho
horned owl / owl with ear tufts | LECHUZA = barn owl / round-faced owl without tufts. Colloquially often used interchangeably.
39
lechuza
barn owl / owl without ear tufts | BÚHO = horned owl with ear tufts. 'Ser un búho' = to be a night owl (either word works idiomatically).
40
saber (taste)
to taste (of something) | '¿A qué sabe?' = what does it taste like? 'Sabe rico' = it tastes good. Same verb as 'to know' — context clarifies.
41
conocer
to know (a person, place, or thing through experience) | SABER = to know facts/information. 'Conozco Buenos Aires' = I know Buenos Aires (I've been there).
42
saber (know)
to know facts, information, how to do something | 'Sé hablar español' = I know how to speak Spanish. CONOCER = to know through familiarity/experience.
43
escuchar
to listen (actively, with attention) | OÍR = to hear (passively, the sound reaches you). 'Escucho música' = I listen to music. 'Oigo un ruido' = I hear a noise.
44
oír
to hear (passive, sound reaches the ear) | ESCUCHAR = to listen actively. 'No oigo nada' = I can't hear anything. 'Óyeme' = hear me out.
45
mirar
to look at / to watch (actively directing gaze) | VER = to see (passive, image reaches the eye). 'Miro la tele' = I watch TV. 'Veo algo raro' = I see something strange.
46
ver
to see (passive) / to watch (colloquially) | MIRAR = to look at actively. 'Ver una película' = to watch a film (both ver and mirar used). 'Ya veo' = I see / I understand.
47
llevar
to take / to carry (away from speaker, bringing along) | TRAER = to bring (toward speaker). '¿Llevás paraguas?' = are you taking an umbrella? 'Traeme agua' = bring me water.
48
traer
to bring (toward the speaker or point of reference) | LLEVAR = to take away. 'Me trajeron flores' = they brought me flowers. 'Traé la cuenta' = bring the bill (Rioplatense).
49
pedir
to ask for / to request (something) | PREGUNTAR = to ask (a question). 'Pedí la cuenta' = I asked for the bill. 'Pregunté la hora' = I asked the time.
50
preguntar
to ask (a question) | PEDIR = to request something. 'Me preguntó cómo estaba' = she asked me how I was. Never use pedir for asking questions.
51
rincón
interior corner (inside a room or space) | ESQUINA = exterior corner (outside, street corner). 'El café de la esquina' = the corner café. 'En el rincón del cuarto' = in the corner of the room.
52
esquina
exterior corner / street corner | RINCÓN = interior corner. 'Nos vemos en la esquina' = see you at the corner. Never use rincón for a street corner.
53
quedar
to remain / to be located (Rioplatense for location) / to arrange to meet | 'El hotel queda en Palermo' = the hotel is in Palermo. 'Quedamos a las ocho' = we arranged to meet at eight.
54
dejar
to leave (something behind) / to let / to stop | SALIR = to leave (a place, going somewhere). 'Dejé las llaves en casa' = I left the keys at home. 'Déjame en paz' = leave me alone.
55
salir
to leave (a place, departing) / to go out | DEJAR = to leave something behind. 'Salgo a las ocho' = I leave at eight. 'Salir con alguien' = to go out with someone / to date.
56
recordar
to remember / to remind | ACORDARSE DE = to remember (reflexive). 'Recordá llamarme' = remember to call me. 'Me acordé de vos' = I thought of you / remembered you.
57
acordarse de
to remember (reflexive construction) | RECORDAR = to remember / remind. 'No me acuerdo' = I don't remember. More common in everyday Rioplatense speech than recordar for memories.
58
último/a
last (in a series / most recent) | PASADO = last (time reference). 'El último libro' = the last book. 'La semana pasada' = last week. Never 'la última semana' for last week.
59
pasado/a
last (time reference — last week, last year) | ÚLTIMO = last in a series. 'El año pasado' = last year. 'El mes pasado' = last month. Not interchangeable with último.
60
cerca
near / nearby (location) | CERCANO = nearby (adjective modifying noun). 'Está cerca' = it's nearby. 'Un hotel cercano' = a nearby hotel. Cerca is adverb, cercano is adjective.
61
casi
almost / nearly | APENAS = barely / hardly. 'Casi llegué tarde' = I almost arrived late. 'Apenas llegué a tiempo' = I barely made it on time. Opposite ends of the spectrum.
62
apenas
barely / hardly / as soon as | CASI = almost. 'Apenas habla español' = she barely speaks Spanish. 'Apenas llegué, llamé' = as soon as I arrived, I called. Two distinct meanings.
63
extrañar
to miss (a person or place) / to find strange | 'Te extraño' = I miss you. 'Me extraña que no haya llamado' = it strikes me as strange that he didn't call. Context determines meaning.
64
faltar
to be missing / to be absent / to be needed | 'Me falta práctica' = I need more practice (practice is lacking). 'Falta mucho' = there's a long way to go. Works like gustar.
65
quedar (ropa)
to fit / to suit (clothing) | '¿Cómo me queda?' = how does it fit/look on me? 'Te queda bien' = it suits you / it fits you well. Different from locative or meeting meanings.
66
tocar
to touch / to play (instrument) / to be someone's turn | 'Toca la guitarra' = plays guitar. 'Te toca a vos' = it's your turn. 'No toques eso' = don't touch that.
67
jugar
to play (a game or sport) | TOCAR = to play an instrument. Never use jugar for instruments, never tocar for sports/games. 'Jugar al fútbol' = to play football.
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