Pre Reg > UC > Flashcards

UC Flashcards

(57 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

What type of inflammation occurs in ulcerative colitis?

A

Continuous superficial inflammation

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2
Q

Which part of the bowel is affected in ulcerative colitis?

A

Large bowel

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3
Q

Which bowel layer is affected in ulcerative colitis?

A

Mucosa

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4
Q

Which part of the bowel is almost always affected in UC?

A

Rectum

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5
Q

How does ulcerative colitis spread?

A

Continuously from the rectum proximally

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6
Q

Is inflammation in UC continuous or patchy?

A

Continuous

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7
Q

Is UC transmural or superficial?

A

Superficial

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8
Q

Is UC a form of IBD?

A

Yes

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9
Q

Core symptom of ulcerative colitis?

A

Bloody diarrhoea

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10
Q

Minimum duration of symptoms suggesting UC?

A

More than 6 weeks

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11
Q

What bleeding symptom is typical of UC?

A

Rectal bleeding

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12
Q

What urgency symptom is typical of UC?

A

Faecal urgency

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13
Q

What painful rectal symptom is seen in UC?

A

Tenesmus

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14
Q

Systemic symptom seen in UC?

A

Weight loss

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15
Q

Another systemic symptom of UC?

A

Fatigue

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16
Q

Constitutional symptoms seen in UC?

A

Fever and malaise

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17
Q

Age group commonly affected by UC?

A

15–25 years

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18
Q

Family history risk factor for UC?

A

Family history of UC

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19
Q

Smoking status associated with UC?

A

Non-smoker

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20
Q

Surgical history protective against UC?

A

Appendicectomy

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21
Q

Drug class that increases UC risk?

A

NSAIDs

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22
Q

Life-threatening complication of UC?

A

Toxic megacolon

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23
Q

Bowel complication of UC?

Study These Flashcards
A

Bowel obstruction

24
Q

Haematological complication of UC?

25
Nutritional complication of UC?
Malnutrition
26
Bone complication of UC?
Osteoporosis
27
Cancer risk increased in UC?
Colorectal cancer
28
Extra-intestinal systems affected in UC?
Joints eyes liver skin
29
First-line treatment for mild-moderate proctitis?
Topical aminosalicylates
30
Second-line treatment if no response after 4 weeks in proctitis?
Oral aminosalicylates
31
Third-line treatment for proctitis?
Topical or oral corticosteroids for 4–8 weeks
32
First-line treatment for left-sided UC?
Topical aminosalicylates
33
Second-line treatment for left-sided UC?
High-dose oral aminosalicylates plus topical
34
Next step if inadequate response in left-sided UC?
Add topical corticosteroids for 4–8 weeks
35
Third-line for left-sided UC?
Oral corticosteroids plus oral aminosalicylates
36
First-line treatment for extensive UC?
Topical aminosalicylate plus high-dose oral aminosalicylate
37
Second-line for extensive UC if no response after 4 weeks?
Oral corticosteroids plus high-dose oral aminosalicylate
38
First-line treatment for acute severe UC?
IV hydrocortisone
39
Alternative IV steroid for severe UC?
IV methylprednisolone
40
When should response be assessed in acute severe UC?
After 72 hours
41
Next step if poor response to IV steroids?
IV ciclosporin
42
Biologic used if ciclosporin contraindicated?
Infliximab
43
When should surgery be considered in acute severe UC?
At all stages if no improvement
44
Maintenance treatment for proctitis?
Topical aminosalicylate
45
Maintenance dosing strategy for topical 5-ASA?
Once daily
46
Maintenance treatment for left-sided or extensive UC?
Low-dose oral aminosalicylate
47
Immunomodulator used for UC maintenance?
Azathioprine
48
Alternative immunomodulator for UC maintenance?
Mercaptopurine
49
When are immunomodulators indicated in UC?
>2 flares in 12 months or steroid dependence
50
Antidiarrhoeals to avoid in UC?
Loperamide and codeine
51
Why avoid antidiarrhoeals in UC?
Risk of toxic megacolon
52
First-line analgesic for UC abdominal pain?
Paracetamol
53
Analgesic class to avoid in UC?
NSAIDs
54
Examples of aminosalicylates?
Sulfasalazine mesalazine olsalazine balsalazide
55
Important adverse effect of sulfasalazine?
Yellow discolouration of skin and fluids
56
Monitoring required with aminosalicylates?
Blood count liver and renal function
57
When should aminosalicylates be stopped?
Serious infection hypersensitivity or myelosuppression
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