What is Zoroastrianism?
A monotheistic faith founded by Zarathustra, focused on peace. Very similar to Christianity as it believes that Zarathustra is akin to a God, there is an adversary, a judgement day, a savior, and an afterlife. (Persia)
Who is Zarathustra?
The founder of Zoroastrianism.
Who is Ahura Mazda?
One God, the source of all light and truth. (confucianism)
Who is Angra Mainyu?
Leader of the forces of evil, the opposite of Ahura Mazda.
What is a Polis?
The city-state formatting system used in Greece, consisting of multiple self-governing cities.
What is an Oligarchy?
A small group of elite people in charge of the government.
What is a Tyrant?
Somebody who seized control of the government, ruling without democracy.
What is Democracy?
A system where citizens have a voice in government, though not all individuals may participate in this historical version, with majority of the time this meaning only land owning males.
What is Athens known for?
A city-state in Greece focused on trade and believed in the participation of land-owning men in government.
What is Sparta known for?
A city-state in Greece that was very military-focused and had a council of 30 people.
What did the Hellenes refer to?
The term used by the Athenians, Spartans, and other Greeks to describe themselves.
What is Hellas?
The term for Greece and Greek culture.
What was the Battle of Marathon?
A battle between Darius of Persia and Greece, where the Greeks excelled due to their navy and foot soldiers.
Who was Xerxes?
Darius’ successor, known for his aggressive rule and attempts to invade Greece.
What happened at the Battle of Thermopylae?
Greeks held off 100,000 Persians with 7,000 soldiers for three days until betrayed (a Greek revealed another route the Persians could take). Greeks mostly fled with some staying behind to shield the escape.
What was the Peloponnesian War?
A Greek civil war (431-404 BCE) between Athens and Sparta, with Sparta emerging victorious.
Who was Phillip II of Macedon?
King of Macedonia who gained control of Greece after the Peloponnesian War.
Who was Alexander the Great?
Son of Phillip II, he conquered Persia and established himself as its emperor. He died shortly after, we don’t know why.
Who was Chandragupta Maurya?
Founder of the Mauryan Empire, ruling almost all of India and using a bureaucratic system.
What is Jainism?
A religion with no single founder, emphasizing an ascetic lifestyle and non-violence.
Who is Siddhartha Gautama?
The Buddha, who achieved enlightenment after a six-year spiritual quest. He started Buddhism as a religion and is highly appraised for this feat.
What is Buddhism?
A spiritual tradition founded by Siddhartha Gautama, focusing on ending suffering through practices like meditation.
What is Nirvana?
A state of perfect peace and happiness, free from suffering.
What are Bodhisattvas?
Individuals in Buddhism who have achieved enlightenment but choose to stay and teach others.
