VISUAL DICTIONARY (ALE) > VISDIC: V > Flashcards

VISDIC: V Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

An arched structure of stone, brick, or reinforced concrete, forming a ceiling or roof over a hall, room, or other wholly or partially enclosed space

A

VAULT

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2
Q

a course of keystones in the crown of a masonry vault

A

KEY COURSE

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3
Q

a horizontal course forming the abutments or springers of a masonry vault

A

VAULTING COURSE

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4
Q

an arch force stiffening a barrel vault or supporting a groin vault

A

TRANSVERSE ARCH

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5
Q

a bay between two transverse arches in a vaulted structure

A

SEVERY

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6
Q

An external support built to stabilize a structure by opposing its outward thrusts, esp. a projecting support built into or against the outside of a masonry wall

A

BUTTRESS

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7
Q

A vault constructed by corbelling courses of stone masonry; the resulting stepped surface can be smoothed or curve, but no arch action is incurred

A

CORBEL VAULT

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8
Q

An inclined bar of masonry carried on a segmental arch and transmitting an outward and downward thrust from a roof or vault to a solid buttress that through its mass transforms the thrust into a vertical one

A

ARC-BOUTANT/FLYING BUTTRESS

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9
Q

A subordinate vertical structure terminating in a pyramid, or spire, used esp. In Gothic architecture to add weight to a buttress pier

A

PINNACLE

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10
Q

The part of a pier that rises to take the thrust of a flying buttress

A

BUTTRESS PIER

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11
Q

A sloping top on a buttress or projecting pier to shed rainwater

A

AMORTIZEMENT

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12
Q

A projecting edge of a buttress

A

NOSING

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13
Q

a distinct, slender, vertical masonry feature engaged in a wall or pier and supporting or feigning to support an arch or a ribbed vault

A

SHAFT

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14
Q

A shaft that leads to the springer of a rib or group of ribs, either rising from the ground or from a corbel at a greater height in the face of the masonry

A

VAULTING SHAFT

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15
Q

a vault having a semicircular cross-section

A

CRADLE VAULT/TUNNEL VAULT/WAGON VAULT/BARREL VAULT

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16
Q

a vault having a circular cross-section that is larger at one end than the other

A

CONICAL VAULT

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17
Q

a vault springing from an abutment higher at one side than the other

A

RAMPANT VAULT

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18
Q

a barrel vault having a circular plant in the shape of a ring

A

ANNULAR VAULT

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19
Q

a compound vault for covering a triangular space formed by the intersection of three barrel vaults

A

TRIPARTITE VAULT

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20
Q

one of the curved lines or edges along which two intersecting vaults meet

A

GROIN

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21
Q

a compound vault formed by the perpendicular intersection of two vaults forming an arch diagonal arrises called groins

A

CROSS VAULT/GROIN VAULT

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22
Q

a compound vault having a central vault intersected by vaults of lower pitch

A

WELSH VAULT/UNDERPITCH VAULT

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23
Q

A compound vault having a narrower transverse vault springing from a higher level so that the ridges are at the same height

A

STILTED VAULT

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24
Q

a compound vault formed by four vaults meeting along diagonal vertical planes

A

COVED VAULT/CLOISTER VAULT

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25
A surface framed by the ribs of a ribbed vault
WEB
26
a vault supported by or decorated with arched diagonal ribs
RIB VAULT
27
a rib vault divided into four parts by intersecting diagonal ribs
QUADRIPARTITE VAULT
28
a rib vault divided into six compartments by two diagonal ribs and three transverse ribs
SEXPARTITE VAULT
29
A vault composed of a number of concave conoidal sections, usually four, springing from the corners of the vaulting compartment often decorated with the ribs that radiate from the springing like the framework of a fan
FAN VAULT
30
any of the several archlike members supporting a vault at the groins, defining its distinct surfaces or dividing these surfaces into panels
RIB
31
a rib spanning the longitudinal axis of a rib vault and dividing it into bays or compartments
TRANSVERSE RIB / ARC DOUBLEAU
32
a ribs springing from a point of support on either side of the ogives or transverse ribs of a rib vault
INTERMEDIATE RIB/TIERCERON
33
A rib against a wall parallel to the longitudinal axis of a rib vault
ARC FORMERET / WALL RIB / FORMERET
34
An ornamental, knoblike projection, such as a carved keystone at the intersection of ogives
BOSS
35
A sculptured ornament suspended from a roof truss, vault, or ceiling
DROP / PENDANT
36
The keystone at the crown of an arch or at the intersection of two or more vaulting ribs
KEY
37
A horizontal rib marking the crown of a vaulting compartment
RIDGE RIB
38
A rib crossing a compartment of a rib vault on a diagonal
DIAGONAL RIB/GROIN RIB/OGIVE
39
An ornamental vaulting rib other than one springing from a pier or a ridge rib
LIERNE
40
A vault having ribs, liernes, or tiercerons arranged in a star-shaped pattern
STELLAR VAULT
41
the act or power of sensing with the eyes
SIGHT
42
A three-dimensional, stereoscopic vision resulting from the use of both eyes at the same time
BINOCULAR VISION
43
the coordinated turning of the eyes inward to focus on a nearby point
CONVERGENCE
44
the process by which the human eye changes focus for objects at various distances, involving changes in the shape of the crystalline tens
ACCOMODATION
45
The apparent displacement or change in direction of an observed object caused by a change in the position of the observer that provides a new line of sight
PARALLAX
46
the ability to apprehend and interpret pictures, drawings, or other visual images
VISUAL LITERACY
47
pertaining to perception of the spatial relationships among objects within the field of vision
VISUOSPATIAL
48
The entire field encompassed by the human eye when it is trained in any particular direction
VISUAL FIELD/FIELD OF VISION
49
A perception of visual stimuli that represents what is perceived in a way different from the way it is in reality
OPTICAL ILLUSION
50
the portion of the cerebral cortex of the brain that receives and processes impulses from the optic nerves
VISUAL CORTEX
51
the angle that an object or detail subtends at the point of observation, usually measured in minutes of arc
VISUAL ANGLE
52
Acuteness of vision as determined by a comparison with the normal ability to define certain letters at a given distance, usually 20 ft (6m)
VISUAL ACUITY
53
the capability of our visual system to distinguish two separate but adjacent objects or sources of light in our field of view
RESOLUTION
54
the ability or power to see or make fine distinctions
DISCRIMINATION
55
the act or faculty of apprehending by means of the senses or of the mind
PERCEPTION
56
An awareness derived by the visual system in response to an external stimulus
VISUAL PERCEPTION
57
A property of perception in which there is a tendency to see parts of a visual field as solid, well defined objects standing out against a less distinct background
FIGURE-GROUND
58
A shape or form, as determined by outlines or exterior surfaces
FIGURE
59
the receding part of a visual field against which a figure is perceived
BACKGROUND/GROUND
60
the obscuring of a form or figure that occurs when it shape, pattern, texture, or coloration is similar to that of it surrounding field or background
CAMOUFLAGE
61
the parts or portion of a scene, situated in the rear, as opposed to foreground
BACKGROUND
62
The parts or portion of a scene situated in the front, nearest to the viewer
FOREGROUND
63
A property of perception in which the mind's eye searches for meaning by imagining and projecting known or familiar images onto the seemingly amorphous shapes of a pattern until it finds a match that makes sense
PROJECTION
64
the property of perception in which there is a tendency to group things that have some visual characteristic in common, such as a similarity of snape, size, color, orientation, or detail
SIMILARITY
65
A property of perception in which there is a tendency to group elements that are close together, to the exclusion of those that are further away
PROXIMITY
66
A property of perception in which there is a tendency to group elements that continue along the same line and direction
CONTINUITY
67
A perceptual phenomenon in which apparent differences in size are ignored in order to identify and categorize things, regardless of how distant they are, leading to the perception of a class of objects as having uniform size and constant color and texture
CONSTANCY
68
A property of perception in which there is a tendency for an open or incomplete figure to be seen as if it were a closed or complete and stable form
CLOSURE
69
The theory or doctrine that physiological or psychological phenomena do not occur through the summation of individual elements, such as reflexes or sensations, but through gestalts functioning separately or interrelatedly
CONFIGURATIONISM/GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY
70
A unified configuration, pattern, or field of specific properties that cannot be derived from the summation of the component parts
GESTALT
71
A consistent, characteristic, or coherent arrangement based on the interrelation of component parts
PATTERN
72
A phenomenon of visual perception in which intense exposure to one color or value leads to the sensation of its complement, which is projected as an afterimage on another color or surface viewed immediately thereafter
SUCCESSIVE CONTRAST
73
A phenomenon of visual perception in which the stimulation of one color or value leads to the sensation of its complement, which is projected instantaneously on a juxtaposed color or value
SIMULTANEOUS CONTRAST
74
A visual sensation that persists after the stimulus that caused it is no Inger operative or present
AFTERIMAGE
VISUAL DICTIONARY (ALE)
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