Arch 100 > 115-121 > Flashcards

115-121 Flashcards

(66 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

does San Jose Mogote show evidence for a ranked society in Oaxaca (1500-500) BC? is SJM believed to have been a political power for the region?

A

yes to both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

does SJM have 100+ acres of land and many small houses?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

production of what thing did the SJM and the TIerras Largas people control?

A

shell artifact production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

were iron ore mirrors also made by the SJM and traded with to the Olmecs?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

was obsidian consistently distributed amongst the households of the SJM people?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when did SJM lose its social and economical importance?

A

700 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do Flannery and Marcus (2003) find out about SJM?

A

that it was undergoing warfare and raids and experienced burnt houses during 800 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when did the SJM people move away to another site? where?

A

-450 BCE
-Monte Alban

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when did the Izapa settlement begin?

A

second millennium BCE in southwestern Mexico and Guatemala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

did the Izapa people interact with the Olmec in 1400 BCE? around this time, did they heavily rely on maize agriculture?

A

yes to both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what was the capital in the Izapa settlement?

A

La Blanca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what was constructed in the Izapa settlement in 300-100 BC?

A

-12 plazas with stone monuments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

is it believed that Izapa was ruled by a succession of kings?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

did the Izapas art showcase a recurring theme of bird costumed rulers (seen on Izapa Stela 4)?

A

yes, a form of divinely sanction political authority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does Izapa Stela 21 show?

A

a captive sacrifice depicting the decapitation of a dressed individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

it it believed that Izapa sculpture iconographs played a role in mesoamerican writing systems?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

is Izapa amongst the first areas in Mesoamerica to depict different deities which also appear in ancestral Maya depictions?

A

yes, they both share Chac, the raid deity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

was Izapa interacting with late formative polities on both sides of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

did the Izapa interact with the Tres Zapotes people?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what happened to the Izapa people in 30 BCE and 80 ACE?

A

the tacana volcano erupted, causing a disruption to Izapas growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

were urn burials discovered in a mortuary in Izapa?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when was Monte Alban occupied and abandoned? what do the people represent?

A

-500 BCE to 900 CE
-the consolidation of the Zapotec State

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where does Monte Alban lie?

A

lies at the juncture of the 3 arms of the Oaxaca valley, leading to strategic importance or power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

how many people in Monte Alban?

A

10-20,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what are the 2 calendars found in the center of Monte Alban? what do they form together?
-260 day cycle, corresponds to the agricultural cycle -365 day lunar cycle -together form a 52-year cycle found in all mesoamerican cultures
26
what was Monte Alban used for?
-live sacrifices of people as seen from the Temple of Danzantes during wartimes
27
what is depicted on the Temple of Dazantes?
-carvings of naked humans in weird postures undergoing sacrifice
28
what organizational advantages would endemic warfare and Monte Alban's involvment cause?
-military readiness -defence, armament, and mobilization -seizure of resources, captives, spoils of war
29
when did Monte Alban begin their conquest for more territory?
300 BCE
30
when did Monte Alban conquer competitors in the valley and distant regions up to 15 km distant?
100 BCE-200 CE
31
does Monte Alban have a ballcourt?
yes
32
what does building J in Monte Alban function as?
-an observatory due to it aligning with the bright star Capella
33
does archaeological evidence suggest long term droughts result in people in the north of Mexico to migrate towards the south? what does DNA evidence suggest?
-yes -no migrations occured
34
if there was droughts in the North like in the Sierra Gorda site, why did the people not migrate?
due to them having long-distance trades with a product called Cinnabar, which was found commonly in the north
35
what is Cinnabar?
a red pigment with a lot of scared value in the south and was easily obtained in the north
36
if Monte Alban wasnt near water or fertile land, why did people live their?
-due to its defensive hilltop location and its government
37
how long did Monte Alban grow?
for 1,300 years, longer than other Mesoamerican cities
38
what are the hypotheses behind why people went to Monte Alban? what is the real reason?
-either forced by the government or the land was good for farming -the lifestyle in Monte Alban was better than other cities because people were economically interdependent on one another (cooperation) due to good political organization
39
did people go to Monte Alban due to the powerful working together and the less powerful produced the city's foods and other goods?
yes, the powerful came together and formed despots (small groups and cooperated)
40
does a large society need more complex communication systems?
yes
41
is communication based on governance rather than society size?
yes
42
what type of organization leads to impacted systems and communications and writings amongst organized people and leaders?
sociopolitical organization
43
did areas with power use less computational communication due to it already being widely spread while in low power area computational communication was more used?
yes
44
what does the 15m long frieze at Atzompa near Monte Alban depict?
-birds, monkeys, jaguars, figurative and numerical depictions
45
what was Atzompa used as?
-the final way station for quarried stone transported into Monte Alban for construction and was positioned on a hill acting as a defensive structure
46
when was Atzompa abandoned?
850 CE
47
when did the Mesoamerica classic period start?
2nd century AD
48
did all of Mesoamerica experience the classic period or was it only in some places?
only in some
49
what are the features of the classic period?
-defensive structures -neolithic tech -art -clay figurines -huge populations -literacy -use of calendars -broad pantheon of gods and godesses
50
what is Teotihuacan and its characteristics?
-the first metropolis of the Americas -began as a small farming city that grew into the 6th largest city in the world -was so large the aztecs thought giants made it -the city became a part in mythology as a place where gods came from -covers 8 square miles -fully urbanized
51
what is the major axis of Teotihuacan? what are its characteristics?
-Avenue of the dead -runs 4 miles, multi level broad plazas
52
is it possible that Teotihuacan was based off of Aztec legends (sun and moon pyramids), hence the structures being made for the cosmic entities?
yes
53
what is the architecture of Teotihuacan made of?
-interior made of Adobe bricks or small stones -volcanic stones set in clay
54
what was the population of Teotihuacan by the end of the 6th century AD?
125,000-200,000 people, making it qualified for one of the largest cities in the world
55
what was the first major construction in Teotihuacan?
-pyramid of the sun 63 m high
56
how was the pyramid of the sun constructed?
-made through 4 stages beginning in the late preclassic period -stairs in the center and is composed of soil and tuff
57
who added the weird band like structure near the top of the pyramid of the sun in the early 20th century?
-Leanardo Batres
58
when was the cave below the pyramid of the sun discovered and what is its characteristics?
-1971 -300 feet in length to the east, 20 feet beneath the pyramid
59
do Aztecs believe the creation of the sun, moon, and the universe occurred at Teotihuacan?
yes
60
is the cave below the pyramid believed to be where gods are born?
yes
61
how was the cave tunnel below the pyramid artificially constructed?
constructed with three sections, A, B, and C
62
what are the three sections of the cave tunnel?
A: entrance and 4 connected larce rectangular pieces B: small enclosures defined by wall along the meandering tunnel C: large opening at end of narrow passage, that terminates in a 4-petaled chamber
63
is it not possible the cave tunnel is natural because the tunnel width and height is too standardized?
yes
64
what are the three earlier phases of the pyramid structure according to Sugiyama?
1. pre-pyramid phase 2. construction of the main corpus of the sun pyramid and associated destruction of pre-sun pyramid structures 3. the erection of the adosada platform and later enlargement programs
65
was the moon pyramids small at the start but then eventually became larger through stages?
yes
66
when was the sun pyramid and the subterranean tunnels made?
-170-310 AD -140-240 AD
Arch 100
flashcards
Decks in class (33)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions