Mohandas Gandhi
Indian leader who fought for civil rights and independence, especially for Indian migrants in South Africa
Porfirio Díaz
Mexican president/dictator whose policies encouraged foreign investment and migration
Trinidad and Tabago
Caribbean colonies with large populations. of Indian indentured laborers
Mauritius
Indian Ocean colony where many Indians migrated as indentured workers
Natal
colony in South Africa with significant Indian immigrant and laborer populations
Guyana
South American colony with many Indian indentured workers
Argentina
attracted many European immigrants and became a destination for global migration
Chinese Exclusion Act
1882 US law banning Chinese immigration
Chinese Immigration Act
Canadian law restricting Chinese immigration
Chinese Immigration Regulation and Restriction Act
Australian law limiting Chinese immigration
Influx of Chinese Restriction Act
South African law aimed at limiting Chinese immigrants
White Australia Policy
set of laws keeping non-Europeans, especially Asians, from immigrating to Australia
Gold Rush
mass migration to areas where gold was discovered, often attracting global workers (e.g. California, Australia)
White-Collar
jobs involving office work or professional duties
Blue-Collar
jobs involving manual labor or skilled trades
Canal System
networks of waterways (like Suez or Panama) built by migrant labor and essential for global trade
Scots-Irish
immigrants from Scotland and Northern Ireland to the Americas, especially the US
Popular Culture
shared ideas, customs, and entertainment spread by migration and mass media
Ethnic Enclaves
neighborhoods or areas where immigrants from the same country or culture live together
Natal India Congress
organization in South Africa advocating for the rights of Indian immigrants