What does the human body use to maintain homestaties? (2)
human body uses nervous and endocrine systems to maintain homeostaties
Types of functions of the nervous system (3)
- Sensory - internal and external stimuli e.g change in blood acidity or temp
- Integrative - analyse and stores sensory input to make decisions
- Motor - executes response via motor neurons
Role of nervous system (3)
- Influence body function
- control internal and external conditions
- Communicate and interact between tissues and extrenal environment
Order of nervous system
- CNS
- PNS - SNS (somatic) & ANS (automatic) - sympathetic NS & parasympathetic
Nervous -
utilizes eletrical impulse for rapid response
Endocrine -
releases hormones into the bloodstream for slower response
Sympathetic Nervous System and key effects (4)
- Prepares the body for stress or physical activity (flight or fight)
- Increased heart rate and cardiac output
- Increase vasodilation for enhanced blood flow to active muscles
- Bronchodilation to improve oxygen uptake
- Movement of glucose for energy
Parasympathetic Nervous System and key effects (3)
- Maintains relaxation and conserves energy (rest and digest)
- Slowing heart rate
- Stimulating digestion and nutrient absorption
- Promoting urinary and glandular functions
Why the brain needs glucose (3)
- Energy for brain cells
- Glucose is the main fuel of ATP production in aerobic respiration
- Brain has limited glucose storage (needs a constant supply from blood vessels)
Cerebrum what is it and what it does? (2)
- Divided into 2 side the left and right hemisphere
- for thinking, language, emotion
Diencephalon split into what 2 things and there function?
Thalamus
- sense pain, temp, pressure
Hypothalamus
- control of ANS, HR and blood pressure
Cerebellum what it does? (3)
- Helps for smooth contraction of skeletal muscles
- Regulate posture
- Motor skills
Brain stem?
Respiratory and cv control center
3 parts of the brain stem? with function
- Medulla oblongata (control breathing and hr)
- Pons (bridge) a group of nerves connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum
- Midbrain necessary for vision and hearing
Role of brain stem in training (2)
- Relays sensory and motor info
- Regulate HR and blood flow
Role of diencephalon in training (2)
- sensory signals made and maintains alertness = thalamus
- Regulate temp and blood pressure = hypothalamus
