chapter 11 part 2

Question 1

Somatic nervous system:

Answer 1

from CNS to skeletal muscles.
* Voluntary; single neuron system.

Question 2

Autonomic nervous system (ANS):

Answer 2

from CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and certain glands.
* Subconscious or involuntary control.

Question 3

Two neuron system

Answer 3

first from CNS to ganglion; second from ganglion to effector.

Question 4

division ANS

Answer 4

sympathetic, parasympathetic, enteric

Question 5

Sympathetic

Answer 5

Prepares body for physical activity.

Question 6

Parasympathetic

Answer 6

Regulates resting functions such as digesting
food or emptying of the urinary bladder.

Question 7

Enteric

Answer 7

plexuses within the wall of the digestive tract.

Question 8

neurons

Answer 8

electrically excitable cells of the nervous system.

Question 9

three major parts of cells of the nervous system

Answer 9

neuron cell body or soma, dendrites, axons

Question 10

Neuron cell body or soma:

Answer 10

typical cell functions such as protein synthesis and housekeeping; contain Nissl bodies (rough ER).

Question 11

Dendrites:

Answer 11

cell extensions of the cell body that receive information from other neurons or sensory receptors; short and often highly branched with extensions called dendritic spines; conduct currents toward the cell body.

Question 12

Axons: maybe

Answer 12

arises from axon hillock of the cell body then becomes the initial segment; part of trigger zone where action potentials are generated; contains axoplasm and axolemma; ends at presynaptic terminal containing synaptic vesicles full of neurotransmitter.

Question 13

AXONIC TRANSPORT MECHANISMS
YESS

Answer 13

Axoplasm moves cytoskeletal proteins, mitochondria, and
synaptic vesicles from cell body toward terminals
(anterograde)
* Supply for growth, repair, renewal.
* Movement toward the cell body is retrograde; includes
damaged organelles, recycled plasma membrane, and
substances taken in by endocytosis.
* Rabies and herpes virus can enter axons in damaged
skin and be transported to CNS through this mechanism.

Question 14

Functional classification neurons

Answer 14

direction of action potential

Question 15

Sensory or afferent

Answer 15

action potentials toward CNS.

Question 16

Motor or efferent

Answer 16

action potentials away from CNS.

Question 17

Interneurons

Answer 17

within CNS from one neuron to another.