chapter 4 part 4

Question 1

adipose or fat cells

Answer 1

Common in some tissues (dermis of skin);
rare in some (cartilage).

Question 2

mast cells

Answer 2

Common beneath membranes and along small blood vessels.
Important role in inflammation; can release heparin, histamine, and
proteolytic enzymes in response to injury.

Question 3

macrophages

Answer 3

Phagocytize to provide protection against foreign and injured
cells.
* Fixed: stay in position in connective tissue.
* Wandering: move by amoeboid movement through the connective
tissue

Question 4

platelets

Answer 4

Fragments of hematopoietic cells involved in clotting.

Question 5

Undifferentiated mesenchyme (stem cells)

Answer 5

Have potential to differentiate
into adult cell types.

Question 6

EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX

Answer 6

• Three major components to the extracellular matrix:
  protein fibers, ground substance, fluid.

Question 7

collagen

Answer 7

one of the Protein fibers of the extracellular matrix
Most common protein in body; strong,
flexible, inelastic.

Question 8

reticular

Answer 8

one of the Protein fibers of the extracellular matrix
Fill spaces between tissues and organs.

Question 9

elastic

Answer 9

one of the Protein fibers of the extracellular matrix:
Returns to its original shape after
distension or compression. Contains molecules of protein elastin

Question 10

Hyaluronic acid

Answer 10

GROUND SUBSTANCE OF THE MATRIX
polysaccharide. Good lubricant. Vitreous humor of eye.

Question 11

Proteoglycans

Answer 11

GROUND SUBSTANCE OF THE MATRIX
protein and long polysaccharides called
glycosaminoglycans. Protein part attaches to hyaluronic acid.
Trap large amounts of water.

Question 12

Adhesive molecules

Answer 12

GROUND SUBSTANCE OF THE MATRIX
hold proteoglycan aggregates together.
Chondronectin in cartilage, osteonectin in bone, fibronectin
in fibrous connective tissue.

Question 13

Embryonic CT

Answer 13

CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Mesenchyme.
Mucous CT.

Question 14

Adult CT

Answer 14

CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Connective Tissue Proper.
Loose – fewer fibers, more ground substance; areolar, adipose, reticular

Question 15

Supporting CT

Answer 15

CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
* Dense – more fibers, less ground substance; dense regular and irregular
collagenous, dense regular and irregular elastic
* Cartilage – semisolid matrix; hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic
* Bone – solid matrix; spongy and compact