chapter 4 part 2

Question 1

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

Answer 1

Structure: Single layer of flat, hexagonal cells; the nuclei appear as bumps when viewed in cross section because the cells are so flat
functions: Diffusion, filtration, some secretion, protection against friction
location: Lining of blood vessels and the heart, lymphatic vessels, alveoli of the
lungs, kidney tubules, lining of membranes of
body cavities

Question 2

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

Answer 2

structure: Single layer of cube-shaped cells; some cells have microvilli or cilia
Function: Secretion and absorption by cells of the kidney tubules
Location: Kidney tubules, glands and their ducts, choroid plexuses of the brain,
lining bronchioles of the lungs, and ovaries

Question 3

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

Answer 3

Structure: Single layer of tall, narrow cells; some cells have cilia or microvilli
Function: Movement of particles out of the bronchioles of the lungs by ciliated
cells
responsible for the movement of oocytes through the uterine tubes by ciliated cells;
Location: Glands and some ducts, bronchioles of lungs, auditory tubes, uterus,
uterine tubes, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and ventricles of the brain

Question 4

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

Answer 4

Structure: Single layer of cells; some cells are tall and thin and reach the free
surface; the nuclei of these cells are at different
levels and appear stratified; the cells are almost always ciliated and are associated with goblet cells that secrete mucus onto the free
surface
Function: Synthesize and secrete mucus onto the free surface and move mucus
Location: Lining of nasal cavity, nasal sinuses, auditory tubes, pharynx, trachea,
and bronchi of lungs

Question 5

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

Answer 5

Structure: Several layers of cells that are cuboidal in the basal layer and progressively flattened toward the surface; the epithelium can be nonkeratinized (moist) or keratinized
Function: Protects against abrasion, forms a barrier against infection, and reduces loss of water from the body
Location: Keratinized—outer layer of the skin; nonkeratinized—
mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, inferior urethra, and corneas

Question 6

STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

Answer 6

Structure:
Multiple layers of somewhat cube-shaped cells
Function: Secretion, absorption, protection against infection
location: Sweat gland ducts, ovarian follicular cells, salivary gland

Question 7

STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

Answer 7

Structure: Multiple layers of cells with tall, thin cells, cillated in the larynx
function: Protection, secretion
Location: Mammary gland ducts, larynx, a portion of the male urethra

Question 8

TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

Answer 8

Structure: Stratified cells that appear cuboidal when the organ is not stretched and squamous when the organ is stretched by fluid
Functions: Accommodates fluctuations in the volume of fluid in an organ or a tube
Location: Lining of urinary bladder, ureters, and superior urethra