Chapter 1.3

Question 1

Pyramidal cell

Answer 1

A type of large nerve cell that has a roughly pyramid-shaped cell body and is found in the cerebral cortex

Question 2

Cortical column

Answer 2

One of the vertical columns that constitute the basic organization of the cerebral cortex

Question 3

Basal ganglia

Answer 3

A group of forebrain nuclei, including the caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, and putamen, found deep within the cerebral hemispheres

Question 4

Limbic system

Answer 4

A loosely defined, widespread group of brain nuclei that innervate each other and form a network

Question 5

Amygdala

Answer 5

A group of nuclei in the medial anterior part of the temporal lobe, regulates emotion and perception of odor

Question 6

Hippocampus

Answer 6

A medial temporal lobe structure that is important for learning and memory

Question 7

Cingulate gyrus

Answer 7

A strip of cortex, found in the frontal and parietal midline, regulates attention

Question 8

Olfactory bulb

Answer 8

An anterior projection of the brain that terminates in the upper nasal passages and provides the primary inputs for the sense of smell

Question 9

Thalamus

Answer 9

Paired structures to either side of the third ventricle that direct the flow of sensory information to and from the cortex

Question 10

Hypothalamus

Answer 10

Part of the diencephalon, lying ventral to the thalamus. Responsible for learning and memory

Question 11

Tectum

Answer 11

The dorsal portion of the midbrain, consisting of the inferior and superior colliculi

Question 12

Tegmentum

Answer 12

The main body of the midbrain, containing the substantia nigra, periaqueductal gray, part of the reticular formation, and multiple fiber tracts

Question 13

Substantia nigra

Answer 13

A brainstem structure that innervates the basal ganglia and is a major source of dopaminergic projections

Question 14

Periaqueductal gray

Answer 14

A midbrain region involved in pain perception

Question 15

Reticular formation

Answer 15

An extensive region of the brainstem, extending from the medulla through the thalamus, that is involved in sleep and arousal

Question 16

Cerebellum

Answer 16

A structure located at the back of the brain, dorsal to the pons, that is involved in the central regulation of movement and in some forms of learning

Question 17

Pons

Answer 17

The portion of the brainstem that connects the midbrain to the medulla

Question 18

Medulla

Answer 18

The posterior part of the hindbrain, continuous with the spinal cord, drives essential body proccesses