What is Human Resource Management (HRM)?
The strategic approach to the effective management of an organisation’s workers
HRM aims to help the business gain a competitive advantage.
List the central purposes of HRM.
- Recruit workers
- Train workers
- Use workers to achieve objectives
HRM focuses on planning workforce needs and improving staff morale.
What is recruitment?
The process of identifying the need for a new employee, defining the job, attracting candidates, and selecting the best one
It involves clear understanding of job requirements and necessary qualities.
Define job description.
A detailed list of the key points about the job to be filled
It includes job title, tasks, responsibilities, and performance assessment.
What is a person specification?
A detailed list of the qualities, skills, and qualifications needed for a successful applicant
It helps eliminate applicants who do not meet necessary requirements.
What are the advantages of internal recruitment?
- Quicker and cheaper
- Motivates employees
- Avoids induction training costs
- Known employee skills
Internal recruitment can reduce disruption and costs.
What are the disadvantages of internal recruitment?
- Lack of required skills
- Stagnation of ideas
- Creates another vacancy
Internal promotions can lead to missed opportunities and require further recruitment.
List methods of external recruitment.
- Media advertising
- Word of mouth
- Jobcentres
- Recruitment agencies
- Executive search consultants
- Government funded training schemes
These methods help attract external candidates for job vacancies.
What are the advantages of external recruitment?
- Wider range of candidates
- Candidates may have required skills
- Brings new ideas
External recruitment can improve quality of hire and competitiveness.
What are the disadvantages of external recruitment?
- Expensive and time-consuming
- Demotivating for existing staff
External hires can lead to lower morale among current employees.
List the costs of recruitment, selection, and training.
- Identifying staff needs
- Administrative costs
- Advertising costs
- Interviewing process
- Evaluation costs
- Training resources
Recruitment costs can significantly impact business finances.
What is the purpose of training?
To increase the knowledge and skills of workers
Training aims to improve productivity and prepare workers for new roles.
List the objectives of training.
- Increase productivity
- Teach new equipment skills
- Improve flexibility
- Prepare for new roles
- Improve work standards
- Implement health and safety policies
- Increase job satisfaction
Training can help in recruiting and retaining high-quality staff.
What is induction training?
Training given to all new recruits to introduce them to the workplace
It covers internal structure, layout, and essential health and safety issues.
What is on-the-job training?
Training that occurs in the workplace, often guided by experienced workers
It includes methods like mentoring and job rotation.
List the advantages of on-the-job training.
- Output is produced
- Relevant and practical
- Cheaper than other training
- Easy to organize
On-the-job training allows employees to learn while contributing to productivity.
What are the disadvantages of on-the-job training?
- Output may be lost due to mistakes
- May be stressful for trainees
- Trainers may feel frustrated
- Could be dangerous in certain jobs
Mistakes during training can lead to significant issues.
What is off-the-job training?
Training that takes place away from the immediate workplace
It includes general skills and job-specific training.
List the advantages of off-the-job training.
- No output affected by mistakes
- Focused learning environment
- Can occur outside work hours
- Reduces risk to customers
Off-the-job training allows for uninterrupted learning.
What are the disadvantages of off-the-job training?
- No output during training
- Can be expensive
- Some skills cannot be taught off the job
- May feel irrelevant to trainees
- Time-consuming to organize
Off-the-job training can lead to lost productivity and high costs.
Who benefits from training?
- Managers
- Owners
- Employees
- Customers
Training improves motivation, productivity, and customer service.
